Test 1

Question 0

What type of stroke result when blood vessels rupture, causing leakage of blood in or around the brain?

Answer 0

Hemorrhagic stroke

Question 1

What type of stroke results when a clot blocks or impairs blood flow, depriving the brain of essential oxygen and nutrients?

Answer 1

Ischemic stroke

Question 2

How long must neurological deficits persist to be classified as a stroke?

Answer 2

24 hours

Question 3

What type of stroke is a result of a thrombus, embolism, or condition that produces low systemic perfusion pressure?

Answer 3

Ischemic stroke

Question 4

TIA define

Answer 4

Transient ischemic attack refers to the temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain.
Symptoms do not last longer than 24 hours

Question 5

Paresis or paralysis define

Answer 5

Decreased voluntary motor unit recruitment

Question 6

Where does explicit learning occur?

Answer 6

Medial lobe areas and hippocampus

Question 7

What theory of motor control includes central pattern generators and rhythmic pattern generators?

Answer 7

Motor programming theory

Question 8

What motor control theory includes degrees of freedom and synergies?

Answer 8

Systems theory

Question 9

What motor control theory explains that when a new movement emerges it is due to critical change in one of the systems called a control parameter?

Answer 9

Dynamic action theory

Question 10

What is a dermatome?

Answer 10

Area of skin innervated by a single posterior root

Question 11

What is a myotome?

Answer 11

A group of muscles innervated by a single anterior root

Question 12

What is white matter made up of?

Answer 12

Axons

Question 13

UMNs originate in the cortex and synapses with…

Answer 13

LMN in the spinal cord

Question 14

What type of motor neurons directly command muscle contraction?

Answer 14

LMN

Question 15

Is the cauda equina an upper motor neuron or lower motor neuron?

Answer 15

LMN

Question 16

What is an increased reflex indicative of?

Answer 16

UMN lesion

Question 17

What is a decreased reflex indicative of ?

Answer 17

LMN lesion

Question 18

What is the dorsal column medial lemniscus responsible for?

Answer 18

Proprioception and discriminative touch

Question 19

What is the anterolateral spinothalamic tract responsive for .

Answer 19

Pain and temp contralaterally

Question 20

What does the ACA supply?

Answer 20

Cortex (anterior-medial surface)

Anterior medial surface frontal and parietal

Question 21

What does the MCA supply?

Answer 21

Cortex superior to sylvian fissure
Internal capsule
Globes pallid us
Putamen
Caudate

Question 22

What does the PCA supply?

Answer 22

Midbrain
Occipital lobe
Portions of medial and inferior temporal lobe

Question 23

What are the functions of the frontal lobe?

Answer 23

Memory formation
Emotions
Decision making/reasoning
Personality
Movement

Question 24

Broca's area is in what lobe?

Answer 24

Frontal lobe

Question 25

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 25

Senses and integrate sensation | Spatial awareness and proprioception

Question 26

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 26

Processing, integration,interpretation of visional and visual stimuli

Question 27

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 27

Hearing Organization/ comprehension of language Information retrieval (memory)

Question 28

What lobe is wernikes area in

Answer 28

Temporal

Question 29

What lobe is the hippocampus in

Answer 29

Temporal

Question 30

Damage to what area of the brain would cause prosopahnosia?

Answer 30

Infrotemporal cortex

Question 31

What artery supplies the thalamus?

Answer 31

PCA

Question 32

What artery supplies the basal ganglia?

Answer 32

ACA

Question 33

A stroke in what artery may present with difficulty with divergent thinking and urinary incontinence?

Answer 33

ACA

Question 34

With a stroke in the MCA where would you expect greater motor and sensory deficits? UE or LE.

Answer 34

Face and UE impaired greater than LE

Question 35

Stroke in what artery may lead to cortical blindness or lack of depth perception?

Answer 35

PCA

Question 36

A stroke in what artery may cause difficulty with spatial relationships, neglect if non langue dominated hemisphere impaired

Answer 36

MCA

Question 37

Lesion to the thalamus interrupts what pathways

Answer 37

Ascending pathways

Question 38

What artery supplies the thalamus?

Answer 38

PCA

Question 39

What artery supplies the internal capsule?

Answer 39

MCA

Question 40

The axons of what tract synapses with crainal nerve nuclei in the brain stem?

Answer 40

Corticalbulbar

Question 41

Corticospinal tract

Answer 41

Descending motor

Question 42

Spinothalamic tract

Answer 42

Ascending pain and temp

Question 43

Dorsal column/medial lemniscus

Answer 43

Ascending somatosensory and conscious proprioception

Question 44

Spinocerebellar tract

Answer 44

Ascending unconscious proprioception

Question 45

How would a patient with a left sided stroke typically present?

Answer 45

``` Right sided weakness Right sided sensory deficits Speech and language deficits Slow cautious behavioral style Memory deficits ```

Question 46

How would a pt with a right sided stroke typically present .

Answer 46

``` Left sided weakness Left sided sensory deficits Spatial perceptual deficits Quick impulsive behavioral style Memory deficits ```

Question 47

Global aphasia is seen with occlusion to what artery.

Answer 47

MCA

Question 48

Motor speech impairment and receptive speech impairment is seen with occlusion of what artery.

Answer 48

MCA

Question 49

In what syndrome can a pt not move or speak but remains alert and oriented with consciousness and sensation spared.

Answer 49

Complete basilar artery syndrome Occlusion of basilar artery "Locked" in syndrome

Question 50

If a pt neglects one side what do you do?

Answer 50

Encourage a family member to sit on that side to further increase the pts awareness

Question 51

Damage to the hippocampus would result in what?

Answer 51

The inability to form new explicit memories, but ability to remember the skills of implicit memories