Neuroanatomy 4

Question 1

In what direction do the cranial nerves exit the cranium generally?

Answer 1

anteriorly

Question 2

What CN exits posteriorly?

Answer 2

CNIV

Question 3

What CN exits laterally?

Answer 3

CNVIII

Question 4

What side of the body would a lesion in the left cerebellum affect?

Answer 4

ipsilateral

Question 5

Where are the soma of sensory nerve cells found?

Answer 5

ganglia

Question 6

Which CN doesnt synapse in the thalamus before the cortex?

Answer 6

CNI

Question 7

Where is the primary olfactory area?

Answer 7

medial temporal to basal frontal

Question 8

Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons of CNIII located?

Answer 8

Edinger-Westphal nucleus

Question 9

What muscles does hypoglossal nerve innervate?

Answer 9

genioglossus; hyoglossus; styloglossu and intrinsic tongue muscles

Question 10

Where are the nuclei found in the brainstem generally for III, IV, VI and XII?

Answer 10

midline

Question 11

Where does spinal accessory arise from?

Answer 11

cervical spinal cord

Question 12

Where does the oculomotor nucleus lie?

Answer 12

midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus

Question 13

Where is abducens nucelus?

Answer 13

beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle in caudal pons

Question 14

Where is the hypoglossal nucleus?

Answer 14

beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle near the midline

Question 15

Where do hypoglossal axons travel?

Answer 15

between pyramid and olive of medulla

Question 16

Where does cranial root of accessory arise from?

Answer 16

nucelus ambiguus of medullar

Question 17

What nerve does cranial accessory travel with?

Answer 17

CNX

Question 18

What are the functions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 18

somatosensation of face; proprioception assoc. with chewing; motor control

Question 19

What muscles does trigeminal nerve control?

Answer 19

muscles of mastication; tensor tympani; mylohyoid; ant. belly of digastric; tensor veli palatini

Question 20

What is the function of mesencephalic nucleus?

Answer 20

receives proprioceptive info from muscles of mastication

Question 21

What is the function of the pontine trigeminal nucleus?

Answer 21

receives fine touch and vibration

Question 22

Where is the sensory nucleus of trigeminal?

Answer 22

long column of neurons from midbrain down to upper 2 segments of the cervical spinal cord

Question 23

What are the 3 parts of the sensory nucleus?

Answer 23

mesencephalic nucleus; pontine trigeminal nucleus and spinal nucleus

Question 24

Why is the mesencephalic nucleus unusual?

Answer 24

contains primary afferent neurons and is within the CNS

Question 25

What are the function of CNVII?

Answer 25

motor; parasymp to salivary glands; taste

Question 26

What are the function os CNIX?

Answer 26

general sensory from posterior tongue and upper pharynx; taste; parasymp to parotid gland; motor

Question 27

What muscle does CNIX supply motor?

Answer 27

stylopharyngeus

Question 28

How do motor fibres of CNVII leave pons?

Answer 28

loop around abducens nucleus

Question 29

Where is the facial motor nucleus?

Answer 29

caudal pons close to the midline

Question 30

Where do facial taste axons go?

Answer 30

solitary nucleus

Question 31

Where is the solitary nucleus?

Answer 31

lateral to the facial motor nucleus

Question 32

What ganglion do fibres from the solitary nucleus synapse?

Answer 32

geniculate ganglion

Question 33

What other fibres synapse at the geniculate ganglion?

Answer 33

axons from the spinal trigeminal tract

Question 34

What fibres from CNVII synapse in the spinal trigeminal nucelus?

Answer 34

somatosensation associated with the ear

Question 35

Where is the geniculate ganglion located?

Answer 35

petrous temporal bone

Question 36

Where do glossopharyngeal taste fibres go?

Answer 36

solitary nucleus

Question 37

Where do motor fibres of glossopharyngeus originiate?

Answer 37

nucleus ambiguus

Question 38

Where do parasympathetics of CNIX originate?

Answer 38

inferior salivatory nucleus

Question 39

Where do parasympathetics of vagus originate?

Answer 39

dorsal nucleus

Question 40

What vagus fibres are based in the solitary nucleus?

Answer 40

taste from epiglottis

Question 41

Where do the motor fibres to pharynx and larynx of vagus originate?

Answer 41

nucleus ambiguus

Question 42

What fibres of vagus orginiate in the spinal trigeminal nucleus?

Answer 42

pain from the dura and somatosensation from the ear

Question 43

What information does the solitary nucleus receive?

Answer 43

taste and visceral sensory

Question 44

What cranial nerves are involved in the solitary nucleus?

Answer 44

CNs VII; IX and X

Question 45

What information are the superior and inferior salivatory nuclei invovled in sending?

Answer 45

parasympathetics to ganglio of salivary glands and pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 46

What CNs are involved in the salivatory nuclei?

Answer 46

CNs VII and IX

Question 47

What is the nucleus ambiguus involved in?

Answer 47

motor efferents to muscles of pharynx, larynx and upper oesophagus

Question 48

What CNs are involved at nucleus ambiguus?

Answer 48

CNs IX; X( and cranial part of XI)

Question 49

What is the shape of the solitary nucleus?

Answer 49

extends in a V-shape from upper to lower medulla

Question 50

What nucleus is the solitary nucleus adjacent to?

Answer 50

commissual nucleus

Question 51

What fibres does the commisural nucleus recieve?

Answer 51

visceral afferents

Question 52

What fibres does CNIX carry to the commissural nucleus?

Answer 52

carotid sinus/body

Question 53

What fibres does CNX carry to the commissural nucleus?

Answer 53

aortic arch and viscera (pulmonary stretch receptors)

Question 54

What tract gives motor input to the CNs?

Answer 54

corticobulbar tract

Question 55

What tract does the corticobulbar tract generally follow?

Answer 55

CST-except doesn't get to pyramids

Question 56

What CNs does the corticobulbar tract contribute motor fibres to?

Answer 56

CN V; VII; X and XII