Flashcards in Neuroanatomy Pages 1-18 Deck (146)
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1
Which type of matter is a collection of neuron cell bodies?
Gray matter
2
Nucleus = ?
Lamina = ?
Cortex =?
Nucleus= cluster of neuron cell bodies morphologically distinct from other nueurons
Lamina= layer or band of gray matter
Cortex= gray matter on outer surface of cerebrum & cerebellum
3
What is the definition of white matter?
An aggregation of neuronal process/axons/fibers
4
What are the types of white matter processes?
Tract- anatomically or functionally distinct
Fasiculus= bundle of axons
Lemniscus= ribbon or band
Funiculus= column or cord (found in spinal cord)
Ascending fibers= travelling upstream/rostrally
Descending fibers= travelling downstream/caudally
5
What are the 4 divisions of the CNS?
Spinal Cord
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
6
What connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum and cerebellum?
Brainstem/ Bulb
7
Does the brainstem include gray matter, white matter, or both?
Both
8
Does the brainstem include ascending or descending fiber tracts, or both?
Both
9
What are the three divisions of the brainstem?
Medulla, Pons, Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
10
Does the Medulla include gray matter, white matter, or both?
Both
11
What cranial nerve nuclei are found in the Medulla?
12, 11, 10, 9, and parts of 8 & 5
12
Where are the Inferior Olivary Nuclei (olives) found?
Medulla
13
Does the medulla include ascending fibers, descending fibers, or both?
Both
14
Medullary pyramids are an example of ascending fiber tracts in the white matter of the medulla. T or F
False- pyramids are indeed in the white matter of the medulla, but are comprised of descending fibers (motor)
15
What two areas do the Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles help to attach?
The cerebellum to the medulla
(consists of fibers going to and from the cerebellum)
16
Which part of the brainstem is considered as the "bridge"?
Pons
17
Cranial nerve nuclei are found in the dorsal pons or the ventral pons?
Dorsal pons
18
Which cranial nerve nuclei are found in the gray matter of the pons?
6, 7, and parts of 8 & 5
19
T or F, the dorsal pons and the ventral pons include both gray and white matter.
True
20
Where is the Pontine Nuclei found?
The Ventral Pons/ Basilar Pons
21
What is the function of the Pontine Nuclei?
receives input from neurons of the ipsilateral cerebral cortex
projects axons to the contralateral side of the cerebellum
22
What makes up the Middle Cerebellar Peduncle and what areas does this peduncle attach?
The fibers of the pontine nuclei make up the MCP and the MCP attaches the Pons to the Cerebellum
23
Which part of the brainstem is most superior?
Midbrain
24
Which part of the brainstem includes the ventricular system?
Midbrain
25
What divides the ventricular system into 2 portions?
Cerebral Aqueduct
26
Where are the supeiror and inferior colliculli found?
The Tectum/ Dorsal Midbrain
27
What is the function of the superior colliculli and inferior colliculli?
Superior= coordinates certain reflexes in response to visual and auditory input
Inferior= involved in conscious auditory pathway
28
What is the Ventral Midbrain/ Base formed by?
Cerebral Peduncles
29
Is the Ventral Midbrain made up of white matter, gray matter, or both?
Both
30