neurodevelopment

Question 1

research on migration in the neural tube of future neocortical neurons indicates that the destinations of migrating neurons are determined by location and ________

Answer 1

timing

Question 2

The last part of the brain to reach full maturity is

Answer 2

Prefrontal cortex

Question 3

Sperry’s experiments on eye rotation in frogs led to a hypothesis that explains how growth cones find their way to targets. The ______

Answer 3

Chemoaffinity hypothesis

Question 4

In addition to radial migration of developing neurons there is also

Answer 4

Tangential Migration

Question 5

Evidence suggest that autism spectrum disorder ____

Answer 5

Is caused by the interactions of many genes with eachother and the environment

Question 6

In one study a few days of early monocular deprivation decreased the axonal ____ of lateral genticulate nucleus neurons that normally conducted signals from the deprived eye

Answer 6

Branching

Question 7

The course of human cognitive development is though to reflect the course of the

Answer 7

prefrontal corte

Question 8

Neuron death

Answer 8

is a stage of normal early neurodevelopment

Question 9

In the first step of neurodev, A patch of ectoderm becomes the _____

Answer 9

Neural plate

Question 10

Dorsal ectoderm cells are ______

Answer 10

totipotent (can develop into any varitety of body cells)

Question 11

Proliferation is

Answer 11

Neurons rapid increase in number

Question 12

T/F mammals are born with most of the neurons they will have ?

Answer 12

T

Question 13

Two directions of migration

Answer 13

Tangential and Radial

Question 14

Two methods of migration

Answer 14

Somal translocation and glial mediated migration

Question 15

Somal Translocation

Answer 15

Developing cell puts out feelers and searches for cues- can be radial or tangential

Question 16

Glial mediated migration

Answer 16

only radial , glial cells form network in neural tube , cell migration guided by network

Question 17

In axon growth, axons/ filopedia are guided toward target cells by

Answer 17

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)

Question 18

CAMs _______-

Answer 18

Attract or repel growth cones

Question 19

Two types of cell death

Answer 19

Necrosis, Apoptosis

Question 20

Apoptosis is

Answer 20

Active cell death- parts of cells are packaged and disposed of by microglia, and is safer than necrosis

Question 21

Brain increases about ______ times in size from birth to adulthood. This is not due to _____ but due to _______, mylenation, and growth of dendrites

Answer 21

4, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis

Question 22

A burst of synaptogenesis happens in the Audio / Visual cortex at _____ months and finishes around ______ months

Answer 22

4,7

Question 23

Mylenation is most intense when

Answer 23

Shortly after birth

Question 24

Mylenation begins in _______ , and progresses to _____

Answer 24

motor and sensory areas, cognitive areas

Question 25

in babies born with cateracts , vision develops normally if

Answer 25

cataracts are removed by 9 months if not removed visual defecits linger

Question 26

Adult neurogenesis has been observed in

Answer 26

the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus

Question 27

New neurons show _____ and potential for _______ than older neurons. This _____ as neuron ages

Answer 27

Greater plasticitity, greater LTP, decreases