Neurodevelopmental treatment frame of reference (NDT)

Question 1

The Focus of the NDT is on?

Answer 1

prevention, remediation, and reeducation of movement within a functional context

Question 2

_____ are the fundamental applications of the NDT FoR

Answer 2

Sensorimotor techniques

Question 3

The NDT is used to manage _____ challenges

Answer 3

motor skills

Question 4

The NDT was formerly known as the ____ approach

Answer 4

Bobath

Question 5

Unique to the NDT is the focus on ______ as key to occupational performance

Answer 5

motor function

Question 6

In the NDT Handling and positioning techniques are based on?

Answer 6

typical movement

Question 7

Describe typical motor skill acquisition

Answer 7

Simultaneous emergence of typical movement patterns without one movement pattern dominating another

Question 8

Patterns of movement are dependent on?

Answer 8

babies’ relationship to gravity

Question 9

Developing movement patterns require?

Answer 9

experience of a previously acquired pattern

Question 10

How do reaching skills develop?

Answer 10

Through interaction with the environment, that is refined through experience

Question 11

Hand movements dependent on a distinct neuromotor pathway of the central nervous system called the?

Answer 11

corticospinal tract

Question 12

The NDT recognizes atypical movements in individuals with CNS pathology result from which 4 things?

Answer 12

Damage to neural tissue
Attempt of developing nervous system to compensate for initial lesion
Interaction of impaired nervous system with other body systems and environment resulting in deficits in function
Inability of CNS to adapt to environment

Question 13

Primary impairments are the components that represent what?

Answer 13

the major constraints upon movement and posture- can be either “positive” or “negative”

Question 14

Primary positive signs of atypical behaviors are directly produced by?

Answer 14

upper motor neuron lesions

Question 15

Primary negative signs represent the loss of?

Answer 15

typical behaviors

Question 16

Poverty of movement, AKA ____, are (spontaneous movements have a monotonous quality and lack fluidity, adaptability, variety, and complexity

Answer 16

hypokinesia

Question 17

Secondary impairments are?

Answer 17

Decreased function that arises from atypical interaction between the neuromuscular system and the structural-functional changes in the musculoskeletal system

Question 18

What are 4 Current theoretical foundations of NDT?

Answer 18

Dynamic Systems Theory of Motor Control
Neuronal Group Selection Theory
Sensory Contributions
Motor learning

Question 19

In the NDT, what are the 5 continua essential for the clinical assessment process?

Answer 19

ROM and dissociation of movement 
Postural alignment and patterns of weight-bearing 
Muscle tone/postural tone 
Balance and postural control 
Coordination

Question 20

NDT evaluation is centered on?

Answer 20

Analysis of posture and movement as it relates to functional skill performance

Question 21

Evaluation for the NDT is ___ and not ____

Answer 21

Informal

Standardized

Question 22

The purpose of the NDT is to establish what?

Answer 22

a purposeful relationship between sensory input and motor output