neuroendocrine Flashcards
(33 cards)
what are hormones
chemical messengers (peptides)
the endocrine system effects [5]
metabolic
growth
emotions
fertility
sleep
tropic hormones
target other endocrine glands
most are produces and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
non-tropic hormones
directly stimulate target cells to induce effects
sit below the thalamus
hypothalamus
is connected to the hypothalamus
pituitary gland
hypothalamus function
informs and controls the endocrine system through the pituitary gland
homeostatic status of the body
hypothalamus-pituitary axis
three parts of the anterior pituitary
- pars tuberalis
- pars intermedia
- pars distalis
front of the pituitary gland
anterior
back of the pituitary gland
posterior
glandular tissue
blood-based secretion of releasing hormones from the hypothalamus control the secretion of … hormone
anterior pituitary
not glandular tissue
cell bodies in the hypothalamus are directly connected to the…
posterior pituitary
what stores hormones produced by the hypothalamus neurosecretory cell bodies for later release
neuronal axons
what is the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?
neural+sensory input => hypothalamus =>pituitary=>
1. endocrine gland => secretory hormones (causes a negative feedback loop to the hypo and pituit) => target tissue [tropic hromones]
2. target tissue [non-tropic hormones]
what are the hypothalamic hormones
- dopamine
- thyroid-releasing hormone
- corticotropin-releasing hormone
- somatostatin
- growth hormone releasing hormone
- gonadotropic releasing hormone
posterior pituitary hormones
*** do not produce hormones
- non-tropic
ADH (hypothalamus+pituitary) - targets kidneys, sweat glands, circulatory system - water balance
oxytocin (hypothalamus+pituitary) - female reproductive system - uterine contraction during birth
anterior pituitary hormones
FSH - follicle-stimulating hormone
TSH - thyroid stimulating hormone
PRL - prolactin
GH - growth hormone
ACTH - acetocorticotropic hormone
functions of oxytocin
uterine contractions
milk secretion - let down
synthetic oxytocin
pitocin, used to induce labour
function of ADH
water reabsorption of the kidneys, eliminate Na2+
testing can be done fro water balance issues, kidney disease, heart issues
what are some limitations for testing ADH
rapidly cleared from body
poor stability in vitro
low plasma concentrations
copeptin used as a surrogate marker ADH
another name for ADH
vasopressin
what will signal the hypothalamus to signal the pituitary gland to release ADH
high serum osmolality
low blood pressure
