Flashcards in Neuroimaging Deck (22)
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1
Give the anatomical planes of neuroimaging.
• Sagittal (y-z plane)
• Transverse (axial x-y plane)
• Coronal (x-z plane)
2
List the densities of tissue in order from lowest HU to highest HU.
Air
Fat
Water
CSF
White M
Grey M
Blood clot
Bone
3
What is the unit of measurement for a CT?
Hounsfield Units
4
Which of the following has a range of 50-70 HU on CT?
A. Bone
B. Blood clot
C. Grey matter
D. White matter
B. Blood clot
5
Which of the following has a value of 1000 HU on CT?
A. Bone
B. Blood clot
C. Grey matter
D. White matter
A. Bone
6
Which of the following has a range of 25-30 HU on CT?
A. Bone
B. Blood clot
C. Grey matter
D. White matter
D. White matter
7
Which of the following has a range of 35-45 HU on CT?
A. Bone
B. Blood clot
C. Grey matter
D. White matter
C. Grey matter
8
Which of the following has a range of 15 HU on CT?
A. Bone
B. Blood clot
C. CSF
D. White matter
C. CSF
9
Which of the following has a range of 0 HU on CT?
A. Water
B. Blood clot
C. CSF
D. White matter
A. Water
10
Which of the following has a range of -50 to -100 HU on CT?
A. Water
B. Fat
C. CSF
D. White matter
B. Fat
11
Which of the following has a range of 0 HU on CT?
A. Water
B. Fat
C. CSF
D. White matter
A. Water
12
Which of the following has a range of -50 to -100 HU on CT?
A. Water
B. Fat
C. CSF
D. White matter
B. Fat
13
Which of the following has a range of -1000 HU on CT?
A. Water
B. Fat
C. CSF
D. Air
D. Air
14
What view are CT images taken from?
Caudal View (Feet --> Head)
15
How do you interpret a CT image with regards to the process?
Interpretation: ABCS
• Adequacy/Alignment/Artifact
• Bones/Blood/Brain
- Extra blood: Changes density through consolidation
- Brain parenchyma
Note: EDH and SDH are complete opposites in bleeding shape + intensity/absorption
• Cisterns + Ventricles
- Fluid-filled spaces
- Symmetrical
- Enlarged
• Subcutaneous and surfaces
- Subcutaneous surfaces
16
Outline the process of MRI
Person enters + magnetic field --> atomic nuclei re-orientate along magnetic field --> radiofrequency pulse flips nuclei from orientated position and synchronises precession of spin axis --> receiver measure time until nuclei return to original orientation (structural scans) or desynchronize (functional scan)
17
What view are MRI images taken from?
Caudal view (Feet --> Head)
18
What is a T1 and T2 MRI image used to view predominantly?
• Generated by emission: T1 (CSF black) cf T2 (CSF white)
--> T1 for structural abnormalities
--> T2 for inflammation/ischaemia
19
What process can you use to interpret an MRI scan?
• Adequacy + Alignment
• Bone, Blood + Brain
• Cisterns + Ventricles
• Subcutaneous and surfaces
20
What is SPECT?
3D nuclear medicine imaging technique combining information from scintigraphy with CT allowing distribution of radionuclide to be displayed in 3D manner
21
What is PET?
non-invasive imaging technique quantifying radioactivity in vivo using IV injection of positron-emitting radiopharmaceutical then scanning for detection and quantification of patterns of accumulation in the body
22
