Neurologic Dysfunction 2 Flashcards
What is the sympathetic nervous system
Increase heart rate, blood pressure
Dilate pupils, bronchioles
Blood from the GI, skin to skeletal muscles, brain
What is the parasympathetic system
Decrease heart rate, blood pressure
Constrict pupils,
Blood to the GI tract, increased secretions
What is preganglionic
Acetylcholine binds cholinergic nicotinic receptors
What is involved in postganglionic sympathetic
Epinephrine, norepinephrine-binding adrenergic receptors
What is involved in postglanglionic parasympathetic
acetylcholine-binding cholinergic muscarinic receptors
What does α1 adrenergic receptor do
constrict blood vessels
Where does α1 happen
vasoconstriction in many blood vessels, skin, GI tract, kidney and brain
What does a2 adrenergic receptor do
inhibit neurotransmitter release, influence the central control of bp
Where are a2 receptors found?
Presynaptically, CNS,
What does B1 adrenergic receptor do
increase heart rate and contraction
Where are B1 receptors primarily found
Heart
What does B2 adrenergic receptor do
bronchodilation, inhibit GI motility, micturition
Where are B2 receptors found
Bronchioles, visceral smooth muscles of the Gi tract, uterus, urinary bladder
What do the actions of the B2 receptor by smooth muscle relaxation facilitate
Respiration,
Inhibit Gi tract motility,
Inhibit labor, and Delay need of micturition
What do B3 adrenergic receptors do
regulate fat breakdown, thermogenesis
Where are B3 receptors found
In adipose tissue
How are neurotransmitters removed from synapse
By reuptake or degraded by enzymes
Where are cholinergic neurotransmitter released from
from autonomic preganglionic neurons, parasympathetic post ganglionic neurons, somatic motor neurons
What are the three levels of somatic sensation
1: detect the sensation
2: neurons communicate with reflex and sensory pathways in the spinal cord; sends message to thalamus
3: relay info from thalamus to cerebral cortex
What are the two subdivisions of the anterolateral pathway
Paleospinothalamic tract and neospinothalamic tract
What is the paleospinothalamic tract
To the reticular activating system,
Affects arousal, mood, attention
Is paleospinothalamic tract slow or fast
slow
What is the main difference between paleospinothalamic and neospinothalamic
Paleo goes through the reticular formation
What type of pain is associated with paleo
chronic pain
