neurological examinations in risky babies Flashcards
(19 cards)
steps of examinations
anamnesis
observation
general physical examination
head examination
cranial nerve examination
motor system inspection
reflex development examination
what percentile is characterized as small for gestation age
10
appropriate for gestation age [AGA]
10 - 90 percentile
LGA
above 90 percentile
min and max birth weigh
2500g to 4000g
what is seizure
a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in brain
what normal head circumference for babies
33 to 37 cm = 35cm
what considered to be when head circumference is less than 33cm
microcephaly
what hydrocephalus
circumference of above 37cm
what’s craniosynostosis
abnormal head structure due to premature closure of all sutures
what is scaphocephally
happen due to premature closure of sagittal suture and lead to long and narrow head
what happen when coronal suture prematurely closes
plagiocephaly which causes asymmetrical head
what can cause short and wide head
brachiocephaly [ premature closure of two cranial suture]
what is congenital torticollis
it is when head is always kept on one side and will not turn due to hematoma in SCM
Arm recoil test
sudden extension and release of arms after holding them in flexion
+if the hands stay extended
hypotonia
brachial plexus paralyses
scarf sign
used to evaluate tone of the shoulder.
+when elbow doesn’t cross or cross the midline.
when goes beyond indicates hypotonic.
popliteal angle
angle between thigh and leg
for hamstring evaluation
normal 90-120
hypotonia above 120
hypertonia below 90
vertical suspension
performed with baby being hold from the trunk under armpit and brought to standing position.
-hypotonic babies shows drop heads and legs hangs down
-hypertonic babies stretches backward like arc
newborn reflexes
Moro Reflex (6 months)
Grasp (Palmar/Plantar) Reflexes (4-6 months/9-12
months)
Rooting Reflex (4 months)
Sucking Reflex (4 months)
Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex(4 months)
Stepping Reflex (3-4 months)
Babinski Reflex (1 year
