Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MSRA > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Which AED is most associated with weight gain?

A

Sodium valproate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-L5, S1-S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the nerve roots of the iliohypogastric nerve?

A

T12-L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the nerve roots of genitofemoral nerve?

A

L1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the nerve roots of the femoral nerve?

A

L2-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

A

S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are the reflexes affected by sciatic nerve damage?

A

Ankle + plantar lost

Knee jerk intact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What causes a loss of the corneal reflex?

A

Acoustic neuroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Lhermitte’s sign?

A

Tingling in the hands which comes on when the neck is flexed - occurs in MS when there is disease near the dorsal column nuclei of the cervical cord. It is also seen in subacute combined degeneration of the cord and in cervical stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is first-line for PD?

A

If the motor symptoms are affecting the patient’s quality of life = levodopa
If the motor symptoms are not affecting the patient’s quality of life = dopamine agonist (non-ergot derived), levodopa or monoamine oxidase B (MAO‑B) inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is essential tremor inherited?

A

Autosomal dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What makes essential tremor worse?

A

Extending arms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Hoffman’s sign associated with?

A

Upper Motor Neurone Disease - e.g. Degenerative cervical myelopathy and MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is titubation?

A

Head tremor - the most common cause of which is essential tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the first-line for absence seizures?

A

Ethosuximide

Sodium valproate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the first-line for focal seizures?

A

Carbamazepine

Lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the first-line for tonic-clonic seizures?

A

Sodium valproate

Lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the common sites of lacunar infarcts?

A

Basal ganglia, thalamus and internal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where are infarcts that cause locked-in syndrome?

A

Basillar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is amaurosis fugax?

A

Amaurosis fugax is a form of stroke that affects the retinal/ophthalmic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you remember the site of the lesion of homonymous quadrantanopias?

A

PITS (Parietal-Inferior, Temporal-Superior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is Ramsey-Hunt syndrome a reactivation of VZV of?

A

Geniculate ganglion of the V11th cranial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of behavioural therapy was developed for use in people with EUPD?

A

Dialectical behavioural therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the triad of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

A
  1. Gait disturbance
  2. Dementia
  3. Urinary incontinence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the Cushing's reflex?
Hypertension + bradycardia + reduced/irregular respiration - can precede brainstem herniation
26
Is clozapine contraindicate in breastfeeding?
Yes
27
What type of head injury has the highest rate of mortality?
Subdural haematoma
28
Driving prohibited for 1 month, no need to tell the DVLA initially - what is the diagnosis?
TIA
29
Driving prohibited for 6 months, need to tell the DVLA - what is the diagnosis?
Firsts unprovoked seizure with no abnormality on EEG - if these criteria are not met, no driving for 12 months
30
Driving prohibited for 1 month, need to tell the DVLA - what is the diagnosis?
First episode of vasovagal syncope with an identifiable and treatable cause - different guidance again if cardiac cause
31
Which repeat sequence on which gene causes Huntington's Disease?
Huntingtin gene, CAG sequence repeats
32
How long after their last drink does DT start in alcoholics?
72-96 hours
33
What trinucleotide repeat causes Friedreich's Ataxia?
GAA
34
How long does visual recovery take following treatment of optic neuritis with high dose steroid?
4-6 weeks
35
What is hemiballismus?
Unilateral, large, 'flinging' movements caused by a lesion in the subthalamic nucleus on the contralateral side
36
Which type of dementia is most associated with MND?
Frontotemporal
37
What are Paton's lines?
Occur in papilledema - radial lines cascading out from the retina
38
What would you see on fundoscopy in optic neuritis?
No changes to the retina with mild optic disc swelling
39
Which blood test tests for Wilson's disease?
Serum ceruloplasmin
40
What are the cholinesterase inhibitors licensed for use in AD
Rivastigmine and donepazil
41
Damage to which nerve causes weakness to foot eversion and dorsiflexion?
Common peroneal nerve
42
Which genetic condition is associated with bilateral acoustic neuromas?
NF2
43
What causes a bitemporal hemianopia, upper quadrant defect?
Inferior chiasmal compression - usually a pituitary tumour
44
What causes a bitemporal hemianopia, lower quadrant defect?
Superior chiasmal compression - usually a craniopharyngioma
45
Which nerve is affected in 'Saturday Night Palsy'?
Radial nerve
46
Which chromosome is the Huntingin gene found on?
Chromosome 4
47
What should be performed if possible within 4.5 hours of a stroke?
Thrombolysis (+ thrombectomy if demonstrable on angiogram) for best outcome
48
When should aspirin be given in stroke?
ONLY when haemorrhagic stroke has been excluded
49
After baclofen, what drug should be used to treat spasticity in MS?
Gabapentin
50
Which type of opioid is most appropriate with neuropathic pain?
Tramadol
51
Which AED causes peripheral neuropathy?
Phenytoin
52
How quickly should patients with a suspected TIA be seen by a specialist?
Within 24 hours (and have 300mg aspirin)
53
What is a common trigger for cluster headaches?
Alcohol
54
Which drug used in PD is most associated with pulmonary fibrosis?
Cabergoline
55
When should steroids be given in Bell's Palsy?
If the patient presents within 72 hours of symptom onset
56
What is the first-line drug for absence seizures in girls and women of reproductive age?
Ethosuximide
57
What drug can slow the progress of MS?
Linoleic Acid
58
What should the dual antiplatelet management be in ACS if they are high bleeding risk (e.g. already on an anticoagulant)?
Aspirin + clopidogrel
59
What should the dual antiplatelet management be in ACS if they are low bleeding risk?
Aspirin + ticagrelor
60
How is subclavian steal syndrome definitively diagnosed?
CT angiography
61
What do people with Freidrich's ataxia most commonly die of?
Cardiomyopathy
62
What are the features of myotonic dystrophy?
1. Cataracts 2. Muscle weakness 3. Frontal balding
63
In tuberculosis meningitis, which of the usual Abx in the TB cocktail would you swap out?
Ethambutol - swap it out for streptomycin
64
What might progressive difficulty whistling or sucking through a straw indicate?
Facioscapulohumeral musculodystrophy
65
What is West's syndrome?
Also called infantile spasms Presents between the ages of 3 and 8 months Shock like flexions with drawing up of the knees Associated with birth injury
66
What is Janz syndrome also called?
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

MSRA (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions