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Year 3 Dundee medicine buzzwords > neurology > Flashcards

neurology Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

‘Thunderclap’ headache

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage

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2
Q

Xanthochromic LP

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage

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3
Q

Lucid period after head trauma (often followed by sudden collapse or deterioration)

A

extradural haemorrhage

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4
Q

Cogwheel rigidity

A

Parkinson’s (spastity over rigidity

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5
Q

“Woody Texture” muscle swelling

A

Duchenne or Becker MD

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6
Q

Toe walker or positive gowers sign

A

Muscular dystrophy

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7
Q

“Mask-like” Expression

A

Parkinson’s

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8
Q

“Fluctuating” Cognitive Deficit

A

Lewy Body Dementia or Delirium

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9
Q

REM disturbance

A

Lewy Body Dementia or Parkinson’s

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10
Q

Vivid visual hallucinations normally of children and not threatening

A

Lewy Body Dementia

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11
Q

“Acute Onset” Cognitive disturbance that fluctuates

A

Delirium

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12
Q

Personality/behaviour changes and then dementia

A

Frontotemporal dementia

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13
Q

Memory and personality problems in someone with a history of cardiovascular disease

A

Vascular dementia

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14
Q

Stepwise deterioration

A

Vascular dementia

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15
Q

Pain on loud noise

A

Facial nerve palsy

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16
Q

Painful third nerve palsy

A

aneurysm

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17
Q

myalgia + myositis + myoglobulinaemia/uria

A

Rhabdomyolysis

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18
Q

Weakness + frontal balding + cataracts + ptosis

A

myotonic dystrophy

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19
Q

Leg symptoms + midline shift

A

Falcine herniation

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20
Q

Back pain worse on coughing

A

slipped disk

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21
Q

Injury upper brachial plexus (C5,C6)

A

Erb’s palsy (waiters tip)

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22
Q

Injury lower brachial plexus (C8, T1)

A

Klumpkes palsy (claw hand)

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23
Q

Festinating and shuffling gait

A

Parkinson’s

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24
Q

Forehead sparing

A

stroke

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25
"Jacksonian march" - starts in one area and spreads
Frontal lobe seizures
26
CT- crescent shaped, midline shift, hyperdense
Acute subdural haematoma
27
Lip smacking, rising epigastric sensation
Temporal lobe seizure
28
Paraesthesia
Parietal lobe seizure
29
Flashers and floaters
Occipital lobe seizure
30
CT- biconvex/lens shaped
Extradural haemorrhage
31
Saccular (berry) aneurysm
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
32
CT - hyperattenuation in subarachnoid space
Subarachnoid space
33
MuSK antibodies
Myasthenia gravis
34
Muscle fatiguability, relieved with rest
Myasthenis gravis
35
Facial palsy post illness
Bells palsy
36
Pain or weakness in legs post GI symptoms
Guillain barre
37
Young person with weakness in shoulders and arms, reduced sensation to temperature
Arnold-chiari malformation
38
Bus STOP: brown sequard
Temperature and Pain opposite
39
B12 deficiency
Subacute combined degeneration of cord
40
Taken up gambling/impulsive behaviour in parkinson's
ropinrole causative
41
For rapid tranquillisation
lorazepam
42
Stabbing facial pain when brushing teeth, shaving, chewing
Trigeminal neuralgia
43
ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis
Webers syndrome - branches of posterior cerebral artery
44
Wallenberg syndrome
Posterior inferior circulation stroke
45
Wallenberg syndrome: DANVAH
Dysphagia Ataxia Nystagmus Vertigo Anaesthesia Horners
46
Fluent but meaningless speech
Wernickes area
47
Expressive aphasia - understanding okay but trouble word finding
brocas area
48
Parasympathetic nerves
III, VII, IX, X
49
Fasciculations, upper and lower symptoms, sensation intact
Motor neuron disease
50
Loss of colour vision + painful eye movements
Optic neuritis - think MS!!
51
Widespread convulsions WITHOUT conscious impairment
pseudoseizure
52
Tremor worse when arms out-stretched but better with alcohol
Essential tremor
53
Hypertension, bradycardia, irregular breathing
Cushings trial for raised ICP
54
lateral medullary syndrome + pontine nerve involvement
lateral pontine syndrome - anterior inferior cerebellar stroke
55
Headache worse in morning or after bending forward
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
56
Empty delta sign
Sagittal sinus thrombosis
57
"nasal tone" of voice
myasthenia gravis crisis
58
Hearing loss with stroke symptoms
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery stroke
59
4Hs: Hot (high fever), Hectic (seizures), Hysterical (odd behaviour), Herpes
Encephalitis
60
Lesions "disseminated in time and space"
MS
61
Managing spasticity
Baclofen or gabapentin
62
UMN + LMN + difficulties talking or swallowing
Think progressive bulbar palsy
63
Peripheral neuropathy with family history
Charcot-Marie-tooth
64
ABCDE of peripheral neuropathy
Alcohol B12 deficiency Cancer Diabetes Every vasculitis
65
"band-like" headache
Tension headache
66
Severe headache + watery eyes
Cluster headache
67
Flunctuating consciousness
Subdural haemorrhage
68
"Clasp knife" spasticity in an osce
"Resistance then sudden give" - velocity dependent - sign of stroke, Cerebral palsy, MS, spinal cord injury, TBI
69
"Lead pipe" rigidity in an osce
'like bending a soft metal pipe' - constant stiff resistance - sign of PD, Parkinsonism, LBD, PSP, MSA
70
"Cogwheel" rigidity in an osce
Jerky resistance - seen in PD, LBD, PSP, MSA, Drug induced parkinsonism
71
"Fried egg" on histology
Oligodendrocytomas
72
"slit like" ventricles on tomography
Raised ICP
73
"hummingbird" sign on MRI of brain
Progressive supranuclear palsy
74
Parkinsonism + impaired vertical gaze
Progressive supra nuclear palsy
75
Parkinsons + erectile disjunction/urinary incontinence/postural hypotension
Multiple system atrophy
76
Parkinsons + "alien limb" phenomenon
Corticobasal degeneration

Year 3 Dundee medicine buzzwords (5 decks)

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