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Y3 Hard Qs > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Stroke symptoms face/arms>legs

A

MCA

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2
Q

Stroke symptoms legs>face/arms

A

ACA

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3
Q

Stroke symptoms visual

A

PCA

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4
Q

Stroke Symptoms- Wernicke’s receptive

A

L tempoparietal

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5
Q

Stroke Symptoms Brocas, expressive

A

L frontal

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6
Q

Vertebral A/posterior inferior cerebellar A “Wallenberg’s syndrome”
Acute vertigo, cerebellar signs, Horner’s

A

Lateral Medullary Syndrome

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7
Q

Confusion, dizziness, anxiousness Loss of consciousness

A

Hypoglycaemia

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8
Q

Uni/bilateral headache, pulsating Nausea, vomiting, photo/phonophobia Aura
CHOCOLATE: Cheese, OCP, Alcohol, Anxiety, Travel, Exercise

A

Migraine

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9
Q

Band across head Stress/”student doing exams”

A

Tension Headache

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10
Q

Jaw claudication, severe headache Fatigue, weight loss, sore throat Red face, scalp tenderness

A

Temporal Arteritis

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11
Q

Multinucleated giant cells

A

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

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12
Q

Shooting pains when brushing teeth Thinning beard

Tic douloueux

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia

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13
Q

Sharp bang, LOC, lucid period Gradual compression of brainstem

A

Extradural Haemorrhage

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14
Q

Elderly and/or alcoholics

Progressive development over months

A

Subdural Haemorrhage

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15
Q

Severe orbital/temporal pain “hot poker”
Occurs in groupings
Wakes up at night

A

Cluster Headaches

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16
Q

Progressive worsening of symptoms

Worse on coughing/sneezing/bending Headaches in morning

A

Space Occupying Lesion

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17
Q

Stepwise deterioration in function
CV risk factors
Memory loss, slow thought

A

Vascular Dementia

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18
Q

Memory loss, impaired speech, gets lost

Fails to recognise family on occasions

A

AD

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19
Q

Disinhibition, personality changes
Inappropriate behaviour
Memory normal,

A

Picks Disease

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20
Q

Rapid progression, dead in months

Myoclonus, memory loss, hallucinations

A

CJD

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21
Q

Parkinsonian features
Vivid visual hallucinations Sleep disturbance
Slow to follow instructions

A

Lewy Body Dementia

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22
Q

Ex-boxer/American football players

Features of alzheimer’s in their 40s

A

Chronic Traumatic Enceph.

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23
Q

Emotion/pain/fear/prolonged standing
Nausea, pale
Clonic jerking, no stiffness

A

Vaso-vagal Syncope

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24
Q

Arrhythmia leads to reduced CO and LOC

Pale, slow/absent pulse, flush after

A

Stokes Adams Attack

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25
Q

Weakness of legs leads to fall with LOC/confn

A

Drop Attack

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26
Q

Shaving/head turning leads to dizziness & syncope

A

Carotid Sinus Syncope

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27
Q

Aura
Tonic-clonic sequence Tongue-biting, incontinence
Post-ictal confusion

A

Epilepsy

28
Q

Seizure Type- LOC, inc tone, jerking

A

Tonic Clonic

29
Q

Seizure type- pauses mid sentence

A

Absence

30
Q

Seizure type- sudden jerk of limb

A

Myotonic

31
Q

No LOC, “funny turn” or strange sensation

No amnesia/confusion

A

Simple Partial Seizure

32
Q

Aura

Automatisms e.g. lip-smaking, wandering Impaired awareness

A

Complex Partial Seizure

33
Q

> 30min seizure

Tonic-clonic

A

Status Epilepticus

34
Q

Status Epilepticus Trtmt

A

IV lorazepam + 50% glucose, IV phenytoin if continues to GA

35
Q

Spasticity
Hyperreflexia
Babinski +ve

A

UMN lesion

36
Q

Floppy paralysis
Wasting
Fasciculations

A

LMN lesion

37
Q

Paraneoplastic: SmCC Autoimmune
Antibodies against pre-syncaptic Ca channel
Function improves with more exercise

A

Lambert Eaton Syndrome

38
Q

Oculomotor/bulbar signs Trail off at end of sentence Worsens with exercise Anti-ACh receptor antibody

A

Myaesthenia Gravis

39
Q

Child, waddles when walks +ve gower’s sign

A

Muscular Dystrophy

40
Q

Transient loss of vision Paraesthesia, paralysis

Worse in heat

A

MS

41
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

Confused, sees spiders on them

A

Delerium Tremens

42
Q

Signs of Cerebellar Syndrome

A 
D- Dysdiadokokinesia
A- Ataxia
N- Nystagmus
I- Intention tremor
S- Slurred/staccato speech
H- Hypotonia
43
Q

Causes of Cerebellar syndrome

A 
P: Posterior fossa tumour
A: Alcohol
S: Multiple sclerosis
T: Trauma
R: Rare
I: Inherited (e.g. Friedreich's ataxia)
E: Epilepsy medication (carbamazepine, phenytoin toxicity)
S: Stroke
44
Q

Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy

A 
D- Diabetes
A- Alcoholism
V- Vitamin B12
I- Inherited- Guillain/Charcot Marie Tooth
D- Drugs- Isoniazid
45
Q

Confusion
Ataxia
Opthalmoplegia

A

Werknicke’s Encephalopathy

46
Q

Treatment for Wernicke’s

A

IV pabrinex

47
Q

Untreated Wernicke’s

A

Korsakoff’s

48
Q

Anterograde Amnesia
Confabulation
Alcholics

A

Korsakoff’s

49
Q

Tilt head away from side of lesion

Diplopia worse away from lesion

A

Trochlear Nerve Palsy

50
Q

Similar Presentation to SOC

A

Benign Intracranial HTN

51
Q

Café au lait spots,

axillary freckling Neurofibromas

A

Neurofibromatosis I

52
Q

Bilateral acoustic neuroma

A

Neurofibromatosis II

53
Q

Telangiectasia
Epistaxis
Vascular disorder

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu

54
Q

Facial port-wine stains, Epilepsy
Hemiplegia
Mental retardation

A

Sturge Weber Syndrome

55
Q

Ashleaf macules, shagreen patches (orange-peel patches), adenoma sebaceum (pink patches on cheeks) Epilepsy and benign tumours

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

56
Q

Opthalmoplegia
Ataxia
Areflexia

A

Miller-Fisher

57
Q

Wasting of thenar eminence
Loss of sensation in lateral palmar surface of 3 and a half digits
Test for weakness in abductor pollicis brevis Frequently affected in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Median Nerve (C6-T1)

58
Q

Wasting of hypothenar eminence

Sensory loss over medial one and a half digits Test for weakness of abductor digiti minimi “Claw hand”

A

Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1)

59
Q

Weakness of wrist extension leads to wrist drop Anaesthesia over fist dorsal interosseous muscle

A

Radial Nerve (C5-T1)

60
Q

Loss of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion Arm held internally rotated
“Waiter’s tip”

A

Erb’s Palsy

61
Q

Weakness in dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot Sensory loss over dorsum of foot
Hit in side of knee

A

Common Peroneal Nerve (L4-S1)

62
Q

Inability to invert food or stand on tip-toe

Sensory loss on sole of foot

A

Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)

63
Q

Parkinsons Gait

A

Shuffling, festinant

64
Q

Sensory Ataxic Gait

A

High stepping/stamping

65
Q

Spastic Paraplegia Gait

A

Scissor

66
Q

Cerebellar Gait

A

Wide-based

67
Q

Cerebrovascular Disease Gait

A

Shuffling, small steps

Y3 Hard Qs (8 decks)

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