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Neuromuscular Flashcards

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1
Q

What is part of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain
Substanitia nigra
Basal ganglia

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2
Q

What is function of medulla oblongata?

A

Vital sign function of cardiac
Respiratory and vasomotor centers

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3
Q

What is part of diecephalon?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus

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4
Q

What is function of hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis, metabolism
Heart rate
Primary drives ( food, sex, sleep)

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5
Q

What does lesions in organs of brain and lobes, spinal cord lead to?

A

Rigidity- organs of brain
Lobes and spinal cord- spasticity

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6
Q

What is cranial nerve 3, 4, 5,6,7 8, 10, 11

A

3- oculomotor
4- trochlear
5- trigeminal
6- abducens
7- facial
8- vestibulocohlear
10-vagus
11- spinal accessory

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7
Q

What is the function of vestibulocochlear? Motor or sensory?

A

Sensory- Vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)
Cochlear function

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8
Q

What is the function of spinal accessory nerve? Motor or sensory?

A

Double motor
Trapezius, SCM muscle function

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9
Q

What are 12 cranial nerves?

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Optic
  3. Oculomotor
  4. Trochlear
  5. Trigeminal
  6. Abducens
  7. Facial
  8. Vestibulocohlear
  9. Glossopharyngeal nerve
  10. Vagus
  11. Accessory
  12. Hypoglossal
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10
Q

What artery and lobs is associated with NO homonymous hemianopsia, brocas aphasia, ataxia?

A

Frontal lobe
Anterior cerebral artery

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11
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with apraxia and anosognosia, wernickes aphasia?

A

Parietal lobe
Middle cerebral artery

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12
Q

What artery and lobe is associated with visual deficit?

A

Occipital lobe
Posterior cerebral artery

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13
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with lock of coordination, intention tremors, and 3Ds?

A

Cerebellum
Vertebral arteries

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14
Q

What are the 3 Ds ?

A

Dysdiadochokinesia
Dysarthria
Dysmetria

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15
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with lead pipe, cogwheel and athetosis?

A

Basal ganglia
Anterior cerebral artery

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16
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with pushers syndrome and thalamic pain syndrome?

A

Thalamus
Posterior cerebral artery

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17
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with altered basic life functions, homeostasis?

A

Hypothalamus
Posterior cerebral artery

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18
Q

What lobe and nerve is associated with cranial nerve palsy and leads to death?

A

Brainstem
Vertebral arteries

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19
Q

Left sided hemisphere injury?

A

Difficulty understanding and producing language both written and spoken
Slow, cautious
Difficulty sequencing movements
Aware of deficits
LFR

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20
Q

Right sided hemisphere injury?

A

Unable to understand nonverbal communication
Difficulty sustaining movements
Quick and impulsive
Anosognosia
Not aware of deficits
HFR

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21
Q

What position is scapula in with spasticity?

A

Retraction
Downward rotation

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22
Q

What position is shoulder on with spasticity?

A

Adduction
IR
Depression

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23
Q

Which was does spasticity start?

A

Distal to proximal

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24
Q

What is the Glasgow coma scale ranges with mile, moderate, severe?

A

Mild- 13-15
Moderate 9-12
Severe- <9

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25
Responds slowly and is confused, decreased interest in environment?
Obtunded
26
Only aroused from sleep w/ painful stimuli, minimal awareness of self and environment?
Stupor
27
What is the mini mental status examination used for , max score, and severe impairment?
Cognitive dysfunction Max score of 30 Severe mental impairment < 15
28
Loss of contralateral half of vision field in both eyes? Which side should you turn toward?
Homonymous hemianopsia Turn head toward blind side
29
What is anosognosia?
Sever denial Neglect Lack of awareness or dysfunction HFR
30
What is agnosia?
Inability to recognize familiar objects with one sensory modality ( just looking at something wont work)
31
Inability to perform purposeful movements when there is no loss of sensation, strength, coordination or comprehension?
Apraxia
32
Cannot perform task on command can do when left alone?
Ideomotor apraxia
33
Cannot perform task w/ command or on own?
Ideational apraxia
34
Flexor UE Extensor LE Diencephalon lesion
Decorticate rigidity
35
Extensor posturing in LE and UE Brainstem lesion
Decerebrate rigidity
36
What is Ramistes phenomenon?
Resisted hip abduction/add of uninvolved extremity causes same reaction in involved extremity. Increase tone
37
What is non equilibrium coordination test vs equilibrium coordination test?
Nonequilibrium- perform tasks seated or lying down Equilibrium- pt performs in standing
38
When is NDT used?
During stages 4 + 5 brunnstroms stages of recovery
39
Limited ROM Tightness Spasticity What technique is used?
Contract relax
40
Limited ROM Tightness Spasm Pain What technique is used?
Hold relax
41
What is rhythmic rotation and initiation used for?
Hypertonicity Hypertonia
42
What is the D2 flexion and extension?
Flexion-ABDuction-ER Extension- Adduction-IR
43
What is D1 flexion and extension?
Flexion- ADDuction-ER Extension- ABDuction-IR
44
What are the stages of motor control?
Mobility Stability Controlled mobility Skill
45
What is a motor program?
Set of pre structured muscle commands that initiated result in production of coordinated movement sequence
46
What is a motor plan?
Overall strategy for movement
47
Practice of a single motor skill repeatedly one step at a time?
Blocked practice
48
Variety of circumstances to increase generalizability and long term retention?
Variable practice
49
Continuous practice w/ small amount of rest time?
Massed practice
50
Rest time is greater than practice time?
Distributed practice
51
What is another name for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
Lou Gehrigs
52
How much recovery is expected with relapsing remitting?
Some recovery
53
How much recovery is expected with primary progressive?
Temporary
54
What is relapse MS?
New onset S/s getting worse
55
What should temp of pool be for MS?
80-84
56
What are frenkel exercises?
Supine Seated Standing Walking
57
What stage is when spasticity presents and synergy pattern begins?
Stage 2
58
Spasticity at peak synergies are only movement?
Stage 3
59
Shaken baby syndrome?
Diffuse axonal injury
60
Shaken baby syndrome?
Diffuse axonal injury
61
What are levels of ranchos Los amigos?
1- no response 2- generalized response 3- localized response 4- confused agitated 5-confused inappropriate 6- confused appropriate 7- automatic appropriate
62
What is management for autonomic dysreflexia?
Elevate head Check for irritating stimuli Call for medical emergency
63
Where does guillian barre start?
Distal-proximal
64
What is s/s with myasthenia gravis ?
Start w/ eyelid then to facial muscle the to throat/pharynx and respiratory
65
What is the nerve affected with Bell’s palsy?
CN 7
66
Painful condition that can develop following trauma to the nerve or in the space of nerves?
Complex regional pain syndrome
67
What is complex regional pain syndrome 1 and 2?
CRPS 1 - s/s w/out nerve injury CRPS 2- S/s w/ nerve injury
68
Painful sensation/ touch that is not typically painful?
Allodynia
69
What are the stages of complex regional pain syndrome?
Increasing pain and dysfunction Pains worsens, skin and hair changes, joint dysfunction begins Pain continues, may plateau and other symptoms begin to recess
70
What are s/s of complex regional pain syndrome?
Pain, redness, swelling/ edema, hypersensitivity, dysfunction
71
“ tic douloureux” CN V
Trigeminal neuralgia
72
What to not do w/ post polio syndrome?
Do not push to fatigue or pain
73
What motor neuron is post polio, myasthenia gravis, guillian barre?
LMN
74
Which way does myasthenia gravis progress?
Proximal to distal Cranial- caudal
75
How does guillian barre syndrome progress?
Distal-proximal
76
What muscles involved with C5?
Bicep Deltoid
77
What muscles are involved with C6 and what transfer is used?
Pec major ECR Teres major Sliding board Mod 1
78
What muscles involved with C7?
Triceps Lat dorsi Finger ext FCR
79
What level is lumbricals ( make a fist) ?
C8
80
What level is interossei (finger ABD+ ADD)?
T1
81
Bilateral loss of pain and temp Hyper flexion cervical What syndrome?
Anterior cord
82
Bilateral loss of proprioception What syndrome?
Posterior cord
83
Flaccid paralysis of bladder and bowel What spinal cord injury syndrome?
Cauda equina
84
Ipsilateral loss of motor function Contralateral loss of pain and temp What SCI syndrome?
Brown sequard
85
Bilateral loss of pain and temp Hyper extension cervical What SCI syndrome?
Central cord
86
Complete bilateral loosen of all sensory modalities What SCI syndrome?
Complete cord
87
What is the goal, interventions for SCI?
Improve respiratory capacity
88
What is wernickes aphasia?
Auditory comprehension and or reading is severely impaired
89
What is brocas aphasia?
Speech or writing Speech/words
90
What type of motor neuron is Parkinson’s disease?
UMN
91
What motor neuron is ALS?
UMN and LMN
92
What motor neuron is MS?
UMN

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