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Neuromuscular Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Dermatomes

A

TETA (T4) OmbligO (T10), piiiito groin (L1), culo5 (S5)

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2
Q

Radial at axilla

A

crutches/Sat night palsy, post arm numb (post cut nerve), triceps weak

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3
Q

Radial spiral groove

A

fx, triceps ok, post arm sens ok, imp lateral upper arm sens (lat cuta nerv, branch above elbow)

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4
Q

Radial

A

BEST (Brachioradialis [hammer curl], Extensors of forearm, Supination, Triceps) + sens post arm

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5
Q

Ulnar Guyon

A

pinky paresthesia, weak FAbd. Sens hypothenar eminence preserved [palmar cutaneous branch proximal], preserved pinky and ring flex [musc proximal to wrist)

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6
Q

Ulnar elbow

A

+ paresthesia in palm, weak pinky and ring flex

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7
Q

Median function

A

THENAR EMINENCE + pronator teres +prox finger flex. Benedictine (flex ½ digits),

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8
Q

Median ant inteross

A

PURE MOTOR, can’t make OK sign only pulps touch, HD fistula

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9
Q

Pronator teres

A

“golfers elbow” pain in forearm worse with pronation, weak median nerve NOT pronator teres (does the compression

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10
Q

Musculocutaneous

A

shoulder dislocation, brachialis/biceps brachi (EF and supination when flexed only), sens lateral forearm above wrist

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11
Q

Axillary

A

fx surgical neck of humerus, sens tattoo area, deltoid (after 30deg abd, arm flex)

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12
Q

Femoral function

A

HF (before inguinal canal), KE, sens ant/medial thigh

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13
Q

Sciatic function

A

hamstring, KF

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14
Q

Peroneal

A

DF, AEv, sens ant/lat shin/foot

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15
Q

TIbial

A

PF + FIn

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16
Q

Tarsal tunnel

A

tibial burning plantar, sens loss sole, AJ ok, no motor

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17
Q

Foot drop ddx

A

deep peroneal (DF, AEv) [PED = Peroneal Everts Dorsif], L5 (+ AIn and Habd), Sciatic (+AIn +PF)

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18
Q

AMAN

A

GM1, GD1a

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19
Q

MMN

A

GM-1

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20
Q

Familial amyloid

A

transthyretin mut TTR, 1 (autonomic), 2 (CTS), rx. Patisiran (siRNA), inoteseren (ASOligo), tafamidis/difusinal stabilizers

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21
Q

CMT1A

A

demyelinating, Mild, dup PMP22 ch 17

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22
Q

CMT1B

A

demyelinating, Severe, myelin protein 0 mut

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23
Q

CMT3

A

demyelinating, Dejerine Sottas sx, most severe, hypertrophy of nerves

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24
Q

CMT2

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A

Axonal- 2A2 optic atrophy, 2B foot ulcers, 2C vocal cord paralysis

25
CMT4
combined demylinating and axonal
26
Giant axonal neuropathy
GAN gene, intermediate filament, large focal axonal swelling, walking inner edge of feet, curly hair, UMN, optic atrophy
27
Refsums
peroxisomal, phytanic acid accumulation, retinitis pigmentosa, cardiomyopathy, skin, diet low in phytanic
28
Tangiers
orange tonsils, high TG low LDL/HDL, ABCA1 (ATPase triphosphate cassette transporter protein)
29
HSAN1
young adult, disociated sens loss pain/temp>vib
30
HSAN2
infant generalized pain loss, mutilation risk
31
HSAN3
autonomic
32
HSAN4
congenital pain insensitive, cognitive delay
33
IBM
asymmetric wrist FF quad and ant tib weak, RIMMED VACUOLES
34
HypoK PP
AD, 1 (CACNA1S Ca channel gene mut) 2 (SCN4A Na channel), weakness w/ hyporeflexia, high CK low K, trigger exercise, carb meal, etoh, cold, emotional, given gluc to trigger
35
HyperK PP
SCN4A, trigger by rest after exercise and fasting, give glucose for ppx, give K to trigger
36
Centronuclear myopathy
floppy baby, PTOSIS OCULOPALSIES, pharynx
37
DM1
distal weak, CTG (CUT THE GRIP) exp in myotonic dystrophy protein kinase DMPK, FRONT BALD, temporalis atrophy
38
DM2
proximal weak, CCTG expansion in zinc finger 9
39
FSH
D4Z4 deletion, delt spared
40
Oculopharyngeal
AD, french-canadian “eh” GCX(any) exp in polyA, dysphagia, dysphonia, ptosis, path rimmed vacuoles, intranuclear tubular filaments
41
Myotonia Congenita
Thomsens (milder, kids), Beckers (severe, teens), warm up phenomenon (exercise improves), CLCN1 mut, anesthesia prolonged, rx mexiletine
42
Paramyotonia
SCN4a channelopathy, exercise accentuates myotonia (“para”-doxical)
43
Nonaka
foot drop, rimmed vacuoles, tubular filaments (similar to IBM)
44
Miyoshi
dysferlin or ANO5, post distal leg weak
45
Central core
Ryanodine receptor mut (malig hyperthermia risk)
46
Emery-Dreifuss
Emerin/Lamin a/c, contractures elbows/knees, arms weak first, IQ ok, HEART (conduction)
47
Congenital musc dyst Collagenopathies
collagen VI, contractures, distal hyperlaxity, calcanei protrusion Ullrich’s - Severe Bethlem - Mild
48
Laminin-a-2
Congenital musc dyst Merosinopathies - eyes spared, intelligence ok
49
Congenital musc dyst Dystroglycanopathies
path low dystroglycan Fukuyama congenital musc dystrophy - common in Japan, fukutin mut, eye-brain involved, sz Muscle-eye-brain Walker-Warburg - more severe muscle-eye-brain
50
MELAS
polymerase gamma mut
51
Neurogenic muscle weakness, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa
adenosine triphosphate 6 mut
52
Kearns Sayre
retinitis pigmentosa, ophthalmoplegia, cardiac conduction, myopathy, ataxia, hearing loss
53
Kennedy
LMN, X, CAG exp androgen receptor, GINECOMASTIA and hypogonadism/sterile, spinobulbar muscular atrophy, face fasics, tremor
54
SMA
ant horn cell degeneration, survival motor neuron 1 mut, 1 infantile (neonatal resp failure, dead by 2), 2 intermediate (1-2yo, tremor, contractures, dont walk), 3 juvenile (5-15yo, proximal weak, dif walking but walk, tremor/fasics), 4 adult onset (QUADRICEPS, proximal, CK high). Path entire groups of fascicle atrophy and neighbor hypertrophy, EMG myopathic, NCS nl.
55
PLS
UMN 3y w/o LMN, spastic tetrapresis, can be bulbar too
56
HIV myelopathy
vacuolar myelopathy, lateral and post column demyelination
57
HSP
pure (only LE spasticity), complicated (optic neurop, deaf, neuropathy, dementia, etc). SPAST (spastin), alastin, paraplegin, spartan, maspardin
58
Watershed cord
T4-8

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