Neurons

Question 1

Dendrite

Answer 1

A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along with impulses received from other cells at synapses, are transmitted to the cell body

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Contains the gene -> consisting of DNA -> contains cell history and the basic infomation to manufacture all the proteins characteristics of that cell

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

The long thread-like part of a nerve cell, along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells

Question 4

Myelin

Answer 4

A mixture of proteins and phospholipids forming a whitish insulating sheath around many never fibres, which increases the speed at which impulses are conduced

Question 5

Schwann cell

Answer 5

A cell of the peripheral nervous system that wraps around a nerve fibre -> forming a myelin sheath

Question 6

Node of ranvier

Answer 6

A gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent and Schwann cells

Question 7

Axon terminal

Answer 7

The somewhat enlarged, often club-shaped endings by which axons make synaptic contacts with other nerve cells or effector cells

Question 8

Sensory neurons

Answer 8

• carry messages from the PNS to the CNS
• long dendrites and short axons

Question 9

Relay neurons

Answer 9

• connect the sensory neurons to the motor or other relay neurons
• short dendrites and short axons

Question 10

Motor neurons

Answer 10

• connect the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands
• short dendrites and long axons