Neurons, Nerve Pathways Flashcards
(27 cards)
What does Somatosensory mean
- The somatosensory system is the part of the sensory system concerned with the conscious perception of touch, pressure, pain, temperature, position, movement, and vibration, which arise from the muscles, joints, skin, and fascia.
Explain the Somatosensory Pathway to pain
- Cell Damage occurs
- Bradykinins and Prostaglandins sensitizenerve endings
- Nociception: “pain sense” activated
- Sensory pathway to Dorsal Horn of Spinal column
- Transfer signal from Thalmus (midbrain) to Cerebral Cortex for Response
- Endorphines are released at spinal cord to reduce pain message stimili
The sensory pathway takes which direction
- Posterior Horn and afferent nerve
The motor pathway is produced
- Anterior horn and efferent nerve
Two types of Neuron
- Sensory Neuron
Somatic Sensory Receptor
External Receptors
Proprioceptors - Motor Neuron
Somatic Motor Neuron
Visceral Motor Neuron
Some disorders of the Mylen Sheth
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Diptheria
- Gullen Barre
Which Nerve synapase has the faster connection and why
- Electrical synapse has the faster communication across the synapse
- Chemical synapse is dependant on the release of Neurotransmitters at the presynaptic junction
- Chemical synapse are Adrenaline and Acetylchlorine
What are Neurotransmitters
- Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another ‘target’ neuron.
What are Cholengernics and what do they do
- Acetychlorine
- Bind to the post synaptic receptors to either
Excite : Muscle
Inhibit : Vagus Nerve
What are Catecholomines and what do they do
- Dopermine
Pleasure response, promotes addictive behaviour - Serotonin
Involved in Mood, appetite and sleep - Adrenaline / Noradrenaline
Excitory effect, Natural occuring hormone released from the adrenal medulla
What is the Somatic Nervous System / PNS
- Voluntary actions Muscle
- Two divisions
Motor
Sensory - Achetylcholine
What is the ANS
- Involuntary action
- Two divisions
Fight
Flight
ANS response to Sympathetic stimulus is
Sympathetic
- Pre ganglionic Nerve
- Achetylcholorine is the stimulus
- Nicortinic receptor
- Post ganglionic Nerve
- Adrenaline / Noradrenaline
- Alpha/ Beta receptors
ANS response to Parasympathetic stimulus is
Parasympathetic
- Pre ganglionic Nerve
- Acehtylcholorine is the stimulus
- Nicortinic Receptor
- Post ganglionic nerve
- Achetylchlorine is the stimulus
- Muscarinic receptor
What are the effects of overstimulating Nicorgenic receptors
- Hyperflexon
- Myoclonic jerks
- Tremours
What are the effects of overstimulating Muscarinic receptors
- Acts on sweat glands
- Hypersalivation
Divisions of the Vertebra column
- Cervical 7
- Thoracic 12
- Lumbar 5 Total 33
- Sacram 5
- Coccyx 4
Brief information about what Nurogenic shock could show as
- Would result in any part below the point of the fracture in the spine vessels dilating causing flushing of the skin and losing of the sympathetic tone, they would also be pale above the point of the injury
- BP will be low
What does Paraplegic mean
- No use of the legs
What does Hemiplegic mean
- No use of half/one side of the body
What does Quatroplegic mean
- All four limbs
Why does a coller increase ICP
- Inhibits venous return therefore raises the pressure in the cranium
How many pairs of Spinal Nerves are they
- 31 Pairs
What is Brachial Plexus and its cause
- Complex vital nerve damage to the shoulder or arm usually the result of a shoulder dystocia birth
