Neuropath of CNS Infections II

Question 1

Primary Amebic encephalitis is typically caused by ____ _____ which like in ____ water

Answer 1

Naegleria Fowleri; warm

Question 2

Primary Amebic encephalitis is a _______, _____ (onset) meningoencephalitis with hemorrhagic necrosis locating to the _____ lobe and the ______ _____

Answer 2

fulminant, acute; frontal; olfactory bulb

Question 3

Primary Amebic encephalitis localizes to the __________ (space) and _______ ________ space

Answer 3

subarachnoid; Virchow-Robins

Question 4

Cysticercosis is caused by ______ ____ (___ ___)

Answer 4

Taenia Solium (tape worm)

Question 5

Cysticercosis creates small, slow growing ____ and the major clinical symptom are ______

Answer 5

cysts; seizures

Question 6

______ is the most common hemilith CNS disease

Answer 6

Cysticercosis

Question 7

Cysticercosis cysts cause an inflammatory reaction upon

Answer 7

death of the larvae

Question 8

Cysticercosis infects the CNS through ___ -____ transmission

Answer 8

fecal-oral

Question 9

What is the most common CNS fungal infection?

Answer 9

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Question 10

What is the mechanism of cryptococcus infection?

Answer 10

Inhalation

Question 11

What does cryptococcal meningitis show on pathology?

Answer 11

“Bubbles” with white spaces around the nucleus

Question 12

Where does cryptococcal meningitis like to invade?

Answer 12

Virchow-Robins spaces

Question 13

Due to the immunocompromised host, there is little ______ in cryptococcal meningitis

Answer 13

inflammation

Question 14

Toxoplasma gondii infection occurs after contact with ___ ___

Answer 14

feline feces

Question 15

Toxoplasma gondii can cause _________ _____ so _____ woman should handle cat feces with care

Answer 15

intrauterine infection; pregnant

Question 16

Toxoplasmosis shows ____ _____ _____ ____ on path

Answer 16

ring-enhancing brain abscesses

Question 17

The parasitic organisms for toxoplasma gondii can be ______ or contained in _______

Answer 17

free; cysts

Question 18

What are the two cellular targets of HIV infection in the brain?

Answer 18

Microglial cells and macrophages

Question 19

HIV encephalitis patients present with _____ ____ (symptom) due to the diffuse nature of the infection

Answer 19

cognitive impairment

Question 20

______ _____ ______ (cell type) arise from the fusion of HIV infected ________ ______ (cell type)

Answer 20

Multinucleated giant cells; microglial cells

Question 21

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy is caused by the

Answer 21

JC Virus

Question 22

The JC virus affects _____ (cell type) and is a ______ disease

Answer 22

oligodendrocytes; demyelinating

Question 23

In PML, macrophages look _____ and are filled with _____ _____

Answer 23

foamy; lipid vacuoles

Question 24

In oligodendrocyte you see typical ______ ____ (pathology pattern)

Answer 24

intranuclear inclusions

Question 25

PML path shows bizarre ______ (cell type)

Answer 25

astrocytes

Question 26

PML diagnosis can be confirmed using this technique

Answer 26

in-situ hybridization

Question 27

Prion diseases present very ______ (time course) and typically start with ____ (symptom). These can then evolve to _____ _____ (symptom)

Answer 27

rapidly; dementia; akinetic mutism

Question 28

Prions are defined by their lack of _____ ____

Answer 28

nucleic acid

Question 29

Misfolded prion proteins cause normal prion proteins to _____ then _____

Answer 29

misfold; aggregate

Question 30

Kuru is caused by the consumption of ____ ____

Answer 30

human flesh

Question 31

vCJD is specifically related to infection from ____ (source)

Answer 31

cattle

Question 32

Iatrogenic CJD is caused by ____ implants or injection of ____ _____ ______

Answer 32

dural; human growth hormone