Neurophysiology

Question 1

Fight or Flight

Answer 1

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 2

Rest and Digest

Answer 2

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 3

Adrenergic Neurons release _____

Answer 3

Norepinephrine (Sympa)

Question 4

This Adrenoreceptor causes smooth muscle contraction

Answer 4

Alpha 1 receptors

Question 4

Cholinergic Neurons release ______

Answer 4

Acetylcholine (Sympa or Para)

Question 5

This Adrenoreceptor is seen in the heart and kidneys

Answer 5

Beta 1 Receptors

Question 5

This Adrenoreceptor Inhibits release of Norepinephrine for presynaptic nerve terminals

Answer 5

Alpha 2 receptors

Question 6

This Adrenoreceptor causes smooth muscle relaxation

Answer 6

Beta 2 Receptors

Question 7

It is the Micturition Center, Pneumotaxic,
Apneustic Centers

Answer 7

Pons

Question 8

It is the Vasomotor Center, Respiratory
Center, Swallowing,
Coughing & Vomiting Centers

Answer 8

Medulla

Question 9

Sensory receptor for Pain

Answer 9

Nociceptors

Question 9

Cell body of First order Neurons

Answer 9

Dorsal Root or Cranial Nerve Ganglia

Question 10

Cell body of Second order Neurons

Answer 10

Spinal cord or brainstem

Question 11

Cell body of third order Neurons

Answer 11

Relay Nucelus of Thalamus

Question 12

Cell body of fourth order Neurons

Answer 12

Sensory Cortex

Question 13

This somatosensory pathway use large myelinated fibers and decussates near the medulla

Answer 13

Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway

Question 14

This somatosensory pathway uses smaller myelinated fibers and decussates immediately

Answer 14

Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract

Question 15

Somatosensory pathway for:
* Touch sensations requiring
high degree of localization &
fine gradation of intensity
* Vibration
* Sensations that signal
movement against the skin
* Position Sense and Fine
Pressure
* Two –Point Discrimination

Answer 15

Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway

Question 16

Somatosensory pathway for:
* Pain;
* Temperature Sensation
* Light Touch and Pressure
Sensation
* Tickle and Itch Sensation
* Sexual Sensation

Answer 16

Anterolateral Spinothalamic Tract

Question 17

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for:
* Crude touch,
* temperature and pressure

Answer 17

Free Nerve Endings

Question 18

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for:
* low-frequency
(slow) vibration

Answer 18

Meissner Corpuscles

Question 19

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for:
* Gives steady-state
signals for continuous touch
* Localizes touch
sensation and to
determine texture

Answer 19

Merkel Disc

Question 20

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for:
* Movement of object on skin

Answer 20

Hair-end Organ

Question 21

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for:
* Heavy and prolonged touch
(detects sustained or STEADY
PRESSURE)

Answer 21

Ruffini Corpuscles

Question 22

This Tactile Receptor encodes sensory for: * deep pressure * high-frequency (fast) vibration

Answer 22

Pacinian Corpuscles

Question 23

Neurotransmitter for Fast Pain

Answer 23

Glutamate

Question 24

Neurotransmitter for Slow Pain

Answer 24

Substance P

Question 25

The ability to bend light

Answer 25

Refractive Power

Question 26

Refractive power is measured in

Answer 26

Diopters

Question 27

What is the refractive power of the eye

Answer 27

59 Diopters 2/3 by Cornea (Fixed RP) 1/3 by Lens (Variable RP)

Question 28

Cutting which structure on the left side causes total blindness in the left eye?

Answer 28

Optic Nerve

Question 29

Cutting which structure causes blindness in the temporal fields of the left and right eyes?

Answer 29

Optic Chiasm

Question 30

Cutting which structure on the right-side causes blindness in the temporal field of the left eye and the nasal field of the right eye?

Answer 30

Optic Tract

Question 31

Sensitive to low- intensity light (night vision)

Answer 31

Rods

Question 32

Sensitive to high- intensity light (day, color vision)

Answer 32

Cones

Question 33

Part of the ear for sound localization and sound collection

Answer 33

Outer Ear

Question 34

The Three Auditory Ossicles

Answer 34

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Question 35

It amplifies asound from llarge tympanic membrane going into smaller window

Answer 35

Auditory Ossicles

Question 36

Detects angular acceleration

Answer 36

Semicircular Canals

Question 37

Detects horizontal acceleration

Answer 37

Utricle

Question 38

Detect Vertical Acceleration

Answer 38

Saccule