Neurophysiology: Cellular components, functional anatomy, and Cerebrum Flashcards
What division of the ANS is made of autonomic nerves responsible for anabolic functions?
PSNS
What division of the ANS is made of autonomic nerves responsible for catabolic functions?
SNS
The PSNS is also called the … because of where the nerves emerge from.
Craniosacral
The SNS is also called the … because of where the nerves emerge from.
Thoracolumbar
What neuron is the most common type and has several dendrites and 1 axon extending from the cell body (i.e. motor neuron)?
Multipolar neuron
What neuron has 2 processes (1 dendrite and 1 axon) extending from the cell body at either end?
Bipolar neurons
What neurons have a single short process that divides like a “T” to form
1 long process. One end of the process receives sensory stimuli and acts as a dendrite.
The other end of the process synapses with a relay center in the brain or spinal cord and
acts as a dendrite.
Pseudounipolar
What are a group of cell bodies with in the CNS called?
Nuclei
What are a group of cell bodies with in the PNS called?
Ganglia
What type of cell is not excitable but do have membrane potentials?
Glial cells
T or F Glial cells can divide mitotically and produce more glial cells.
True
What are more abundant glial cells or neurons?
glial 5-50x more
What is the function of glial cells?
serve as supporting cells to neurons
Satellite and Schwann cell types of glial cells are found only in what system?
PNS
Type of glial cell that form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers only in the PNS. One axon is myelinated per …
Schwann cell
What type of glial cell’s are found in ganglia and provide structural support and also help
regulate and stabilize the neuronal microenvironment around ganglia. They make
cellular products to help maintain homeostasis?
Satellite Cells
What exists between satellite cells and adjacent neurons?
gap junctions
These types of glial cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells) are only found in what system?
CNS
This type of glial cell form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers only in the CNS. Many
axons are myelinated per…
Oligodendrocytes
The most numerous of neuroglial cells, serve a nutritive function and
also regulate the extracellular neuronal environment. They make contact with
blood vessels and CNS cells, repair damaged CNS tissue, limit diffusion of
transmitter, can terminate synaptic activity by uptake of neurotransmitter, can
synthesize neurotransmitter or precursor for neurons.
Astrocytes
The astrocyte membrane is highly permeable to … ions which enables them to buffer extracellular … ions.
K+
T or F: Astrocytes are not excitable and do not produce AP’s
True
What makes cell-to-cell connections in astrocytes?
gap junctions
What type of glial cell help maintain tight junctions of
capillaries and also cover areas of neurons at nodes of Ranvier and synapses?
Astrocytes
