Neuroscience The Hypothalamus and Feeding Behavior Frank A. Middleton Flashcards
PVN stands for what and is found where?
PVN - paraventricular nucleus of the tuberal region of the hypothalamus
What are the five main hypothalamic functions to recognize?
Limbic Autonomic Neuroendocrine Body temperature Energy Metabolism/Food Intake
How is the hypothalamus involved in neuroendocrine function?
Connection to pituitary, lots of hormone regulation
Temperature signals from the skin are sent where in the hypothalamus?
Anterior and posterior hypothalmus and the pre-optic nucleus (PON) where the set point is compared with incoming information
Where in the hypothalamus are warm-sensitive neurons?
Ahhh Anterior hypothalamus
How does the anterior hypothalamus initiate cooling?
- Vasodilation and sweating
2. Increased respiration
Where in the hypothalamus are cold-sensitive neurons?
Posterior hypothalamus
Ppplease turn on the heat!
How does the posterior hypothalamus initiate warming?
- Vasoconstriction (sympathetic alpha adrenergic)
- Shivering
- Piloerection
- Movement
What cranial nerve is involved in the feeling of satiety?
Vagus
What are the hypothalamic locations of hunger?
- Adrenergic receptors in the medial hypothalamus
2. Serotonergic, dominergic and beta adrenergic receptors in the lateral hypothalamus
What are the main NTs involved in eating?
- Opioid
- Corticotropin releasing factor
- Monoamines
- GABA
What are some factors that inhibit food intake?
Serotonin Dopamine Leptin Corticotrophin-releasing factor MSH CART Calcitonin gene related peptide Amylin Glucagon Glucagon-like Peptide I
What are some factors that stimulate food intake?
Ghrelin (stomach rumbling) NPY (hypothalamus) Cholescyctokinin Neurotensin Bombesin Agouti-related protein (AGRP)
Can obese individuals become leptin-resistant?
Yes, therefore leptin has no effective inhibitory feedback control of apetite. Leptin therapy can reverse this
NPY increases in the ____ within 6 hours of food deprivation.
Arcuate nuclei
