New Changing places Flashcards
(67 cards)
1
Q
place
A
location + meaning ( social construction)
2
Q
sense of place
A
- emotional meanings a person has to a place
- subjective
- eg emotional connection to school
3
Q
importance of place
A
- sense of belonging
- relates to an aspect of their life
- connection forms identity
4
Q
sense of belonging example
A
people proud they live in england and support england in football
5
Q
insider perspective
A
- familiar with the place
- share cultural values
6
Q
outsider perspective
A
- feel unwelcome and alienated
- negative experience
- don’t share values
7
Q
why can changes occur between insider and outsider
A
Personal:
- age (move away for uni)
- new mother relying on child services
- transgender
External:
- gentrification
- migration
8
Q
external changes to a place making people feel like outsiders example
A
- stratford regeneration brought new people making locals feel like outsiders
9
Q
categories of place
A
- near
- far
- media
- experienced
10
Q
near places
A
- geographically close
- experienced daily
11
Q
far places
A
- geographically far
12
Q
media places
A
- places experienced through media such as books or tv
13
Q
experienced places
A
- places people have spent time in
14
Q
how are media, near, far and experienced places becoming more connected
A
- globalisation
- shrinking world effect
- we may experience more places through media
- may visit more far places
- people can feel connected to places they’ve never been too
15
Q
endogenous factors (8)
A
- internal factors that shape a places character
- location, topography, physical geography, land use, built environment, infrastructure, demographic, economic characteristics
16
Q
location as an endogenous factor
A
- where the place is
- is it well connected?
16
Q
exogenous factors (3)
A
- external factors which shape a place
- people, money, recources + ideas
17
Q
-topography as an endogenous factor
A
- shape of the landscape
- eg. mountains
18
Q
physical geography as an endogenous factor
A
- drainage
- geology
- climate
19
Q
land use as an endogenous factor
A
- human activity: agriculture, services
20
Q
built environment as an endogenous factor
A
- infrastructure
- transport
20
Q
demographic as an endogenous factor
A
- who lives there and what are they like
21
Q
people as an exogenous factor
A
- tourism can create jobs and influence the character
- migration impacts character
22
Q
money as an exogenous factor
A
- investment into regeneration projects improves services and environment
23
resources and ideas as an exogenous factor
- globalisation brings new ideas and cultures
24
characteristics
- demographic and social
- economic and social inequality
25
demographic characteristics
- study of statistics that illustrate changing populations
- eg age, sex, education level, race
26
cultural charachteristics
- collections of behaviours and traditions of a group of people
- eg language, beliefs, food
27
economic characteristics
- income
- employment rate
- link to work and money
28
how do changing flows of people lead to demographic change
- migrants might be younger to find work, lowering average age
28
social inequality characteristics
- difference between groups of people regarding their quality of life
- healthcare, education and services
29
how do changing flows of people change a places cultural characteristics
- new cultural characteristics such as place of worship
30
how do changing flows of people change a places economic characteristics
- migrants demand services increasing jobs
31
how do changing flows of people change a places social inequality characteristics
- gentrification can increase wealth gap
32
how do changing flows of resources and ideas change a places demographic characteristics
- anti natalist or pro natalist policies
33
how do changing flows of resources and ideas change a places cultural characteristics
- ideas such as environmental protection can change peoples lifestyles
34
how do changing flows of resources and ideas change a places economic characteristics
- flow of resources into a place can generate jobs eg manufacturing
35
how do changing flows of resources and ideas change a places social inequality characteristics
- ideas can be restricted eg North Korea internet ban
36
how do changing flows of money and investment change a places demographic characteristics
- investment into an area eg regeneration may encourage wealthier demographics eg Olympics East Village
37
how do changing flows of money and investment change a places cultural characteristics
- people who move in due to investment may have new cultures
38
how do changing flows of money and investment change a places economic characteristics
- regeneration can create jobs
- regeneration of Westfield due to the olympics created 12, 000 jobs
39
how do changing flows of money and investment change a places social inequality characteristics
- investment into infrastructure can reduce deprivation
40
External Forces examples
Global:
- TNCs
- global institutions
National:
- Government policies
Local:
- community groups
41
What are external forces in the context of place?
influences from outside a place that shape its character
42
How do global institutions influence place?
- Organisations like the IMF or World Bank may fund development or regeneration projects that reshape local economies and identities.
43
How do TNCs (Transnational Corporations) influence place?
- TNCs impact local economies and employment.
- Their presence can bring investment
- can cause job losses if they relocate.
44
How does government policy act as an external force?
- planning decisions
- infrastructure investment
- regeneration schemes
45
How do community groups act as an external force?
- support for homeless people
- resisting unwanted change
- promoting a sense of belonging
46
Past connections
- connections by sea= links for trade
47
present connections
- not just physical but also internet connections
- financial and banking centres
- trade blocks
48
Globalisation of place
- Doreen Massey
- clone towns and placlessness
49
Clone town/ placlessness
- investment from TNCs
- high streets all look the same
- chain shops: primary, costa
- local shops loses businesses
- loses uniqueness
50
Place attachment
- the emotional bond between a person and place
- subjective
- positive and negative experiences can impact
51
place perception
how a place is perceived/ how people view a place
52
Place marketing
- branding and sales strategies applied to different places
- adventure tourism
- IAmsterdam
53
Reimaging
try to dissociate the place from negative images to make a more positive perception
- eg Brighton was deprived but now known for pride
54
Rebranding
- how a place is redeveloped and marketed so that it gains a new identity
- reimaging, place marketing and regeneration
- eg Stratford through the Olympics
55
Formal representation
- statistics eg Census collected by gov every 10 years
- IMD - index of multiple deprivation
- Police UK (crime)
56
Forms of representation
- quantitive
- qualitative
- primary
- secondary
- formal
- informal
57
Informal Representation
- newspapers
- Photographs
- tv and film
- shows peoples perception and attachment
58
Formal representation pros and cons
Pros:
- less subjective due to numbers
Cons:
- can be subjective as people can chose what information to disclose
59
Informal representation pros and cons
Pros:
- can give a clearer idea of how people have formed place attachment
Cons:
- very subjective
60
How can film/TV influence place perception in a biased way?
- Top Boy
– Netflix series
- portrays Hackney as dominated by gang violence
- This creates a biased, negative perception
61
regeneration
- the physical improvement of a place, normally by investment from an external force
62
how does development shape places
- industrialisation/ deindustrialisation
63
gentrification
- a more wealthy demographic moves into an area
- can be a consequence of regeneration
64
impacts of gentrification
- rising house prices
- home owners benefit
