Next part Flashcards
(24 cards)
Rocks
Rocks are classiified into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks (e.g. granite) are formed by magma from the molten inside part of the Earth. When magma erupts it cools to form volcanic landforms.
Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks (e.g. sandstones) are formed from sediments that have settled at the bottom of a lake, sea or ocean, and have been compressed over millions of years .
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks (e.g. slate) have been subjected to tremendous heat and/or pressure, causing them to change into another type of rock. They are usually resistant to weathering and erosion and are therefore very hard-wearing.
Where is the UK?
It is in the North West of Europe, to the west of the UK is the Atlantic Ocean.
Where is the Tropic of Cancer?
To the north of the equator is the Tropic of Cancer.
Where is the Tropic of Capricorn?
To the south of the equator is the Tropic of Capricorn.
What are the five oceans?
Pacific ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Southern ocean
What are the five continents?
North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, Antarctica
How do we measure wind direction and which units do we use?
Wind direction- the instrument is a weather vane and units are compass point north, east, south, west
How do we measure precipitation, what is the instrument and what are the units?
Precipitation, the instrument is a rain gauge and the units of measurement are milliliters (ml).
How do we measure Air pressure, what is the instrument and the units?
air pressure - the instrument is a barometer and the units are millibars (mb).
How do we measure wind speed, what is the instrument and the units?
Wind speed - the instrument is an anemometer and the units of measure meant are mph or km/h.
How do we measure visibility, what is the instrument and the units?
Visibility - the instrument is a visibility metre and the unit of measurement is meters.
How do Measure cloud cover, what is the instrument, what is the unit of measurement?
Cloud cover - The instrument is your eyes and the units of measurement is oktas.
How do we measure temperature, what is the instrument, what is the unit of measurement?
Temperature - The instrument is a Thermo meter and the unit of measurement is degrees Celsius.
How are temperatures and rainfall shown?
Temperatures are shown on a line graph as red and rainfall is shown as a blue bar graph.
What should a graph look like?
All three axes should be labelled: temp/ precipitation/ month. Title and key.
Types of rainfall
Convection, relief rain, frontal rain
Conventional rainfall
The Sun heats the land and the air above. Warm air rises, cools and condenses, forming clouds. Rain can then occur.
Relief rainfall
Warm, moist air is forced to rise over high areas. Air cools and condenses, forming clouds. It rains and air descendes, warms and becomes drier.
Impacts of tourism
More money from tourism. Increased rain (heavy rain, more storms, probably more flooding). Warmer and drier summers (more chance of drought, water shortages, hosepipe bands, sunstroke/sunburn-especially dangerous for elderly). Damage to ecosystems (new species can live in the UK if it became warmer so can take over the species that were already there). Damage to crops (food shortages = food prices increase)
climate
climate is the average weather in a place over many years. Climate takes hundreds, thousands, even millions of years to change.
Weather
Weather is the daily conditions. Weather conditions can change quickly.
