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GEOGRAPHY - Test > Overall Test > Flashcards

Overall Test Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

1100

A

King Edward I of England takes control of Wales

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2
Q

1922

A

The Republic of Ireland gains independence.

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3
Q

Types of rainfall

A

Convection, relief rain, frontal rain

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4
Q

1171

A

King Henry II of England takes control of Ireland

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5
Q

Relief rainfall

A

Warm, moist air is forced to rise over high areas. Air cools and condenses, forming clouds. It rains and air descendes, warms and becomes drier.

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6
Q

Erosion

A

The removal of parts of the lands surface. It is caused by rivers, wind , water and ice.

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7
Q

How do we measure wind direction and which units do we use?

A

Wind direction- the instrument is a weather vane and units are compass point north, east, south, west

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8
Q

Urban challenges

A

There are lots of problems with cities- they are different in MECD’s (rich countries) and in LEDC’s (poor countries). E.g. Air pollution, Noise pollution, Traffic, Run down city centres, too much rubbish, Crime, lack of housing, overcrowding

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9
Q

Biological

A

Burrowing animals such as rabbits can burrow into a crack in a rock, making it bigger and splitting the rock. Plant roots can grow in cracks, opening the cracks in the rock.

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10
Q

British isles

A

England , Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Isle of Man

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11
Q

Viewpoint

A
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12
Q

Where is the UK?

A

It is in the North West of Europe, to the west of the UK is the Atlantic Ocean.

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13
Q

Igneous rocks

A

Igneous rocks (e.g. granite) are formed by magma from the molten inside part of the Earth. When magma erupts it cools to form volcanic landforms.

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14
Q

Human Geography

A

This is a type of Geography that studies people and society

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15
Q

What are the five continents?

A

North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, Antarctica

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16
Q

How do we measure visibility, what is the instrument and the units?

A

Visibility - the instrument is a visibility metre and the unit of measurement is meters.

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17
Q

Weather

A

Weather is the daily conditions. Weather conditions can change quickly.

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18
Q

Rural depopulation

A

There are a lack of job opportunities in rural areas, and those jobs that there are pay low wages. This means that people often have to leave rural areas - in particular young people. This is called ‘brain drain’. This causes a vicious circle, where as people leave services in villages might close down.

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19
Q

Rocks

A

Rocks are classiified into three main groups: igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.

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20
Q

climate

A

climate is the average weather in a place over many years. Climate takes hundreds, thousands, even millions of years to change.

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21
Q

Weathering

A

The slow break down of rocks on the Earth’s surface. It is caused by weather conditions such as rain or changes in temperature and sometimes plants and animals.

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22
Q

Abrasion

A

Stones and rocks are thrown at the rock surface. They scrape along a rock surface. This action is like sandpaper.

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23
Q

How are temperatures and rainfall shown?

A

Temperatures are shown on a line graph as red and rainfall is shown as a blue bar graph.

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24
Q

Great Britain

A

England, Scotland, Wales

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25
Loss of services
Many people living in rural areas depend on the services there i.e. shops, post office, doctors. If people move away from the area they may not have enough customers to survive and might have to close.
26
Campsite
27
Footpath
28
Job categories
Primary - gathering materials from the Earth e.g. mining for coal, growing wheat or fishing.Secondary - turning materials into things to sell. E.g. metals into car bodies.Tertiary / service - you provide a service for people e.g. teach them, look after them when they’re ill, drive a taxiQuaternary - High tech research. E.g. to develop a new medicine or do research into ICT.
29
Chemical
Rainwater is slightly acidic because carbon dioxide from the air dissolves in it. Minerals in the rock may react with the rainwater, causing the rock to be weathered.
30
How do we measure wind speed, what is the instrument and the units?
Wind speed - the instrument is an anemometer and the units of measure meant are mph or km/h.
31
What should a graph look like?
All three axes should be labelled: temp/ precipitation/ month. Title and key.
32
Where is the Tropic of Cancer?
To the north of the equator is the Tropic of Cancer.
33
1536
Henry VIII unites England and Wales
34
Mechanical/physical
Water gets into a crack in a rock and then freezes; it expands and pushes the crack further apart. When the ice melts, water gets further into the crack. The processes repeats. This is called freeze-thaw weathering.
35
Metamorphic rocks
Metamorphic rocks (e.g. slate) have been subjected to tremendous heat and/or pressure, causing them to change into another type of rock. They are usually resistant to weathering and erosion and are therefore very hard-wearing.
36
United Kingdom
England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland
37
Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks (e.g. sandstones) are formed from sediments that have settled at the bottom of a lake, sea or ocean, and have been compressed over millions of years .
38
How do Measure cloud cover, what is the instrument, what is the unit of measurement?
Cloud cover - The instrument is your eyes and the units of measurement is oktas.
39
Hydraulic action
The force of water against the rock surface can cause air to be trapped in cracks. The pressure weakens the rock and gradually wears it away.
40
Attrition
Rocks and stones knock together and wear each other away.
41
Conventional rainfall
The Sun heats the land and the air above. Warm air rises, cools and condenses, forming clouds. Rain can then occur.
42
1707
England,Scotland and Wales become 'Great Britain'
43
Forest
44
How do we measure Air pressure, what is the instrument and the units?
air pressure - the instrument is a barometer and the units are millibars (mb).
45
Solution
Water dissolves the surface of a rock
46
Population density
Total population / total area
47
How do we measure precipitation, what is the instrument and what are the units?
Precipitation, the instrument is a rain gauge and the units of measurement are milliliters (ml).
48
Where is the Tropic of Capricorn?
To the south of the equator is the Tropic of Capricorn.
49
Main Road
50
Types of migrant
To find new landTo find new work (economic migrant)To take over (invader)To escape persecution (refugee)
51
Population distribution
People are not spread out evenly over the UK. Where there are lots of people living in a small space- this is a densely populated area. Where there are not many people living over a bigger area, this is a sparsely populated area. This can be shown on a coropleth map- the darker the colour, the more people are living in that area.
52
Church
53
How do we measure temperature, what is the instrument, what is the unit of measurement?
Temperature - The instrument is a Thermo meter and the unit of measurement is degrees Celsius.
54
Reasons why people migratePull factors (good)
Access to services Better job opportunities More entertainment facilities Better transport links Improved living conditions Hope for a better way of life Family links
55
Impacts of tourism
More money from tourism. Increased rain (heavy rain, more storms, probably more flooding). Warmer and drier summers (more chance of drought, water shortages, hosepipe bands, sunstroke/sunburn-especially dangerous for elderly). Damage to ecosystems (new species can live in the UK if it became warmer so can take over the species that were already there). Damage to crops (food shortages = food prices increase)
56
Golf Course
57
What makes a good map?
A good map has a compass, a scale and a key. This makes it easy to read. You can read a map using grid references; there are four point and six point grid references. You can use a map to find out how to get somewhere or you can use a map to explain where you are.
58
What are the five oceans?
Pacific ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Southern ocean
59
Today
England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are still united as the UK.
60
Reasons why people migrate Push factors (bad)
Few servicesLack of job opportunitiesUnhappy lifePoor transport linksNatural disastersWarsShortage of food
61
1801
Ireland becomes part of the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.'
62
What makes a good Geographer
Teamwork, effort, resilience, map skills, knowing key words, neat presentation of work etc...
63
High house prices
In some villages, up to 50% of the houses are owned as second homes. This means that during the week/ winter they are like “ghost towns” and local services like shops and pubs don’t have enough customers to survive.
64
Physical Geography
This is a type of Geography that studies natural things around you such as coasts or rivers.
65
Parking
66
Environmental Geography
This is a type of Geography that studies the interaction between people and the environment ( for example global warming)
67
Decline of farming
Lots of farms have gone out of business, this is because the money that is available to help them are being cut, and because competition from supermarkets is driving prices down/
68
Population density measurement
Population density is measured in the number of people per km2
69
What is an air mass
An air mass is a big chunk of air with characteristics such as: warm and dry, wet and cold etc. The UK gets air masses from five different locations.
70
Polar maritime
The polar maritime is from the north west and is cold and wet.
71
Arctic maritime
The arctic maritime is freezing cold and wet.
72
Polar continental
The polar continental is cold and dry.
73
Tropical maritime
The tropical maritime is warm and wet.
74
Tropical continental
The tropical continental air mass is warm and dry.

GEOGRAPHY - Test (4 decks)

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