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1
Q

what antibiotics should you discontinue in a achilles injury

A

fluoroquinolones eg ciprofloxacin

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2
Q

what detergent should people with acne use

A

non alkaline

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3
Q

what are acne treatment contraindicated in pregnancy

A

retinoids and tetracyclines

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4
Q

a contraceptive that can be used for acne

A

co-cyprindiol

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5
Q

retinoids in uk

A

adapalene and tretinoin

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6
Q

how do apply benzoyl peroxide and topical retinoid

A

12 hours apart

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7
Q

antibiotics licensed in the uk for acne

A

clindamycin and erythromycin

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8
Q

topical antibiotics should not be prescribed on their own so

A

prescribe with benzoyl peroxide

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9
Q

oral antibiotics for acne

A

lymecycline or doxycycline

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10
Q

oral antibiotics for acne

A

lymecycline or doxycycline

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11
Q

avoid what in myasthenia graves, SLE and renal impairment

A

tetracyclines

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12
Q

avoid what antibiotics in acute porphyria

A

erythromycin

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13
Q

what is rare in children under 3

A

transient synovitis

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14
Q

most common limp in children

A

antalgic

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15
Q

what drugs can increase risk of AKI

A

acei, arbs, diuretics

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16
Q

what can cause a false positive in AKI

A

trimethoprim and recent pregnancy

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17
Q

negative urinalysis in AKI indicates what

A

pre renal cause

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18
Q

increased WBC for AKI may suggest

A

infection or interstitial nephritis

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19
Q

when to admit for same day referral in AKI

A

stage 3

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20
Q

what nerve roots are compressed in sciatica

A

L4-S1

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21
Q

most common cause of sciatica

A

herniated intervertebral disc

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22
Q

most common red flag in sciatica

A

urinary retention

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23
Q

what do no title in sciatica

A

steroids

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24
Q

drug if need for raynauds

A

nifedipine

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25
Q

what not to do if perforation the globe is suspected

A

do not palpate the eye

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26
Q

ciliary flush and limbal vessel injections suggests

A

anterior uveitis

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27
Q

pupil dilating drugs can precipitate what

A

glaucoma

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28
Q

a pupil dilating drug

A

phenylephrine

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29
Q

constricted or distorted pupil

A

anterior uveitis

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30
Q

usual symptoms of corneal ulcer

A

photophobia, blurred vision, discharge and pain

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31
Q

corneal ulceration can occur in what conjunctivitis

A

gonorrhoeal

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32
Q

what can be associated with RA and SLE

A

scleritis

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33
Q

what is normally a post operative infection that can rapidly cause blindness

A

endophthalmitis

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34
Q

which of the scleritis is painless

A

epi

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35
Q

main symptoms in renal or ureteric colic

A

severe abdo pain in the loin radiating down

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36
Q

what often accompanies renal colic

A

N+V and haematuria

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37
Q

what is a rf of renal colic

A

chronic dehydration

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38
Q

what is the management for renal colic

A

urgen (within 24hr) imaging
non contrast CT for adults
US for pregnancy woman , children and young people

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39
Q

what should be offered for pain relief in renal colic

A

NSAID

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40
Q

what should be recommended for recurrent stones that are predominantly calcium oxalate

A

potassium citrate

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41
Q

what can be added to water for renal colic

A

lemon juice

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42
Q

where do most stones originate

A

kidney

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43
Q

what is released in response to stone

A

prostaglandins

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44
Q

many describe renal colic pain as worse than

A

childbirth - really severe pain

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45
Q

drug that can help stone passage

A

alpha blocker

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46
Q

there is a high prevalence of renal stones in what kind of patients

A

primary hyperparathyroidism

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47
Q

most common form of retinal detachment

A

rhegmatogenous

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48
Q

rf for retinal detachment

A

myopia

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49
Q

central visual acuity may be reduced if what detaches

A

macula

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50
Q

white pupil reflex in kids is usually retinal detachment

A
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51
Q

retinal tears or breaks mx

A

laser or cryotherapy

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52
Q

vitrectomy used for

A

retinal detachment

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53
Q

increases risk of retinal tears

A

posterior vitreous detachment

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54
Q

what should be initial mamagement of RA

A

NSAID and PPU

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55
Q

what can be used while waiting for a new DMARD to take effect

A

steroid

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56
Q

what is feltys

A

large spleen with a low white blood cell count

57
Q

ra stiffness usually lasts how long

A

over 1 hour

58
Q

what is specific to RA

A

inability to make a fist or flex fingers

59
Q

RA nodules occur where

A

extensor surfaces

60
Q

what is the onset of RA

A

mostly insidious but can be rapid

61
Q

in RA are inflammatory markers always raised

A

usually but not always

62
Q

dmards require monitoring with what

A

blood tests

63
Q

diagnostic features of rosacea

A

thickened skin or persistent erythema

64
Q

rf for rosacea

A

colonisation with demoted folliculorum mites

65
Q

rosacea treatments

A

brimonidine for peristent erytham , ivermcetin for papaules/pustules and if more severe then doxycycline

66
Q

what to avoid if taking metronidazole

A

strong sunlights

67
Q

what to avoid if taking metronidazole

A

strong sunlights

68
Q

why don’t give do doxyxclien (tetracycline) to pregnant woman or breastfeeding woman

A

discolouration of teeth

69
Q

what rash is behind ears

A

measles and rubella

70
Q

does scabies classically have a high or low number of mites

A

low

71
Q

itch is scabies is usually worse at

A

night

72
Q

burrow in scabies

A

think brown-grey line

73
Q

close contact scabies need to be

A

treated

74
Q

itch can continue for how long after tratement in scabies

A

4 weeks

75
Q

scabies tunnels through the

A

stratum corneum

76
Q

hydrocele can have increased risk of what

A

testicualar cancer

77
Q

if acute epididmo orchitis do what

A

refer to sexual health clinic due to STI

78
Q

high riding or transverse in

A

testicualr tumour

79
Q

cremasteric reflex can be absent in

A

testicualr torsion

80
Q

prehn sign

A

relief of pain with elevation of the testes

81
Q

transillumination o the testes indicates a

A

hydrocele

82
Q

supraclavicular lymphadenopathy or abode mass may be associated with

A

testicualr cancer

83
Q

urethral discharge may indicate

A

epididmyo orchitis

84
Q

blue dot sign

A

iscahemic appendage

85
Q

tenderness over superior pole of testis

A

torsion of appendix- blue dot sign

86
Q

mumps orchitis can have

A

parotid swelling

87
Q

cradle cap

A

seaborrhoeci dermatitis

88
Q

scale that is white or yellow

A

seaborrheoic dermatitis

89
Q

seaborrhoeic dermatitis in adults

A

ketoconazole

90
Q

malassexia yeast

A

seaborrheic dermatitis

91
Q

complication of shingles

A

post herpetic neuralgia

92
Q

most common dermatome in shingles

A

T1-L2

93
Q

cross arm test

A

acromioclavicular joint

94
Q

differences between pharyngitis and tonsillitis

A

pharyngitis is associated with pharyngeal exudate whereas tonsillitis is associated with tonsils exudate

95
Q

what is common in tonsillitis and pharyngitis

A

fever

96
Q

what confirms glandular fever

A

serum monospot test

97
Q

sore throat from carbimazole or DMARDs should do what

A

FBC and withhold drug

98
Q

hypermetropia increases risk of

A

squint

99
Q

turning eye

A

squint

100
Q

cycloplegic meaning

A

paralysis of the ciliary muscle

101
Q

cycloplegia

A

loss of accommodation

102
Q

atropine is a

A

cycloplegic

103
Q

strong gripping and repetitive wrist movements

A

tennis elbow

104
Q

first lien for tennis elbow

A

ibuprofen or paracetamol

105
Q

ototoxic drugs

A

aspirin, NSAIDs, loop diuretics

106
Q

hissing sound, humming sound tinnitus

A

otosclerosis

107
Q

urethritis is usually caused by

A

STI

108
Q

urethritis should be suspected if there is

A

urethral discharge, dysuria, penile discomfort

109
Q

first void urine sample tests positive for leukocyte esterase or urinary reads

A

urethritis

110
Q

if suspect uretrhitisi do what testing

A

NAAT - nucleic acid amplification testing

111
Q

mx for urethritis

A

if chlamydial - doxycycline

112
Q

what test for infection in urinary incontience

A

dipstick

113
Q

drug for females stress incontience

A

duloxetine

114
Q

constant leakage of urine suggest

A

fistula

115
Q

dysuria and non visible haematuria

A

bladder cancer

116
Q

diagnosis of bladder cancer is by

A

cystoscopy with biopsy

117
Q

confirm diagnosis of penile cancer

A

excision biopsy

118
Q

NSAIDs can cause

A

urticaria

119
Q

symptoms of urticaria what mx

A

antihistamine

120
Q

pain or dull ache in eye

A

uveitis

121
Q

unreactive or distored pupil

A

uveitis

122
Q

mx of uveitis

A

steroids to reduce inflammation and prevent adhesions in the eye. cyclopenotale is also given to paralyse the ciliary body

123
Q

discharge is absent in

A

uveitis

124
Q

pain that is dully or achy and worse when contracting ciliary muscle eg reading

A

uveitis

125
Q

varicocele is lotion of veins of the

A

pampniform plexus

126
Q

90% of varicoceles occur on what side

A

left

127
Q

dizziness is different from vertigo as in dizziness there os mo

A

false sense of motion

128
Q

veruccas and warts

A

hpv

129
Q

what has a rough surface that resembles a cauliflower

A

wart

130
Q

wart on palms and soles are

A

verrucas- have central dark spot

131
Q

differences between labyrinths and vestibular neuritis

A

hearing loss is a feature of labyrinthitis

132
Q

sign of vestibular neuritis

A

nystagmus

133
Q

prolonged vertigo

A

vestibular neuronitis

134
Q

what can alleviates N+V and vertigo in vestibular neuronitis

A

prochlorperazine or antihistamine

135
Q

vitamin d regulates

A

calcium and phosphate

136
Q

check what levels for vitamin d deficiency

A

serum 25 hydroxvitmain D levels

137
Q

mx for vit d deficiency

A

vit d3 - cholecalciferol

138
Q

if pt request treatment for vitiligo

A

steroid

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