Nomenclature & Isomerism

Question 1

What’s the homologous series?

Answer 1

Organic compounds with the same functional groups but different number of carbon atoms.

Question 2

Define functional isomers:

Answer 2

Same carbon arrangement but have different functions groups.

Question 3

Define positional isomers:

Answer 3

They have same carbon arrangement but different atoms are attached to different carbons.

Question 4

Define chain isomers;

Answer 4

They have different arrangement of carbons with chains.

Question 5

What is E/Z isomerism?

Answer 5

Alkenes have restricted rotation around their carbon-carbon double bonds meaning both double carbons have different atoms where you get two stereoisomers. One is called the E-isomer (same groups positioned on opposite sides) and other is Z-isomer (same groups positioned on the same side).

Question 6

What is the general formulae of Alkanes?

Answer 6

CnH2n+2

Question 7

What is the general formulae of Alkenes?

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

What is the general formulae of Halogenoalkanes?

Answer 8

CnH2n+1X

X= fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.