non-associative learning Flashcards
Habituation
characteristics of Habituation
- Decrease in Response
- Spontaneous Recovery
- Potentiation of Habituation
- Frequency of Stimulation
- Weaker Stimulus = More Habituation
- Effects Can Accumulate Beyond Behavioural Asymptotic Level
- Stimulus Generalization
- Dishabituation
- Habituation of Dishabituation
- Long-term Habituation
Decrease in Response
Repeated application of a stimulus results in a progressive decrease in
some parameter of a response to an asymptotic level
Spontaneous Recovery
If the stimulus is withheld after response decrement, the response
recovers at least partially over the observation time
Potentiation of Habituation
After multiple series of stimulus repetitions and spontaneous recoveries,
the response decrement becomes successively more rapid and/or more
pronounced
Frequency of Stimulation
Other things being equal, more frequent stimulation results in more rapid
and/or more pronounced response decrement, and more rapid
spontaneous recovery (if the decrement has reached asymptotic
levels)
Weaker Stimulus = More Habituation
Within a stimulus modality, the less intense the stimulus, the more rapid
and/or more pronounced the behavioral response decrement. Very
intense stimuli may yield no significant observable response decrement.
Effects Can Accumulate Beyond Behavioural Asymptotic Level
The effects of repeated stimulation may continue to accumulate even
after the response has reached an asymptotic level.
Stimulus Generalization
Within the same stimulus modality, the response decrement shows some
stimulus specificity.
Dishabituation
Presentation of a different stimulus results in an increase of the
decremented response to the original stimulus.
Habituation of Dishabituation
Upon repeated application of the dishabituating stimulus, the amount of
dishabituation produced decreases.
Long-term Habituation
Some stimulus repetition protocols may result in properties of the
response decrement that last hours, days or weeks.
Short-term habituation
Repeated stimulation depletes transmission: synaptic depression. Presynaptic neuron: reduction in neurotransmitter release (uses up available vesicles)
Long term habituation
The Role of Back Propagation
Sensitisation
Increase in the strength or occurrence
of a behaviour due to exposure to an
arousing or noxious stimulus
Rat experiment sensitisation
rat experiment habituation
freezing response to loud noise- rats
habituation vs sensitisation
During habituation, neurons release fewer neurotransmitters at synapses, while during sensitization, neurons release more neurotransmitters. Habituation is a form of learning where a response to a stimulus weakens over time, while sensitization is a process where a response to a stimulus increases over time.
characteristics of sensitisation
Peripheral sensitization
Central sensitization
allodynia
heightened response to non-painful stimuli e.g. fabric brushing over finger not painful, after burn is, should not hurt touches your hand pull your hand away because of nerves
hyperalgesia
increased sensitivity to pain e.g. stabbed your finger after it was burnt- painful without burn but even more with burn
