Non- Commicable Diseases Flashcards
What are non communicable diseases?
They are diseases that can’t spread from one person to another
What are examples of non communicable diseases?
Asthma, cancer and Coronary heart disease
Four risk factors of non communicable diseases?
Age, genes, lifestyle and environment
What are the two types of tumours?
Benign and malignant
What are benign tumours?
Benign tumours grow in one place and are usually contained In a membrane and don’t invade other tissues.
What are malignant tumours?
Malignant tumours invade neighbouring healthy tissues and can split, releasing small clumps of cells that spread around the body.
What health effects do benign tumours have on the body?
They can grow very large and clumpy. They can damage organs which can be life threatening
What are the health effects of malignant tumours on the body?
Malignant tumours can split into pieces which are carried in the blood causing a second tumour to be formed.
Name four factors that might make tumours to develop
Genetic factors, mutations, ionising radiation and virus infections
What is radiotherapy?
Radiotherapy is where cancer cells are destroyed by targeted does of radiation. It stops mitosis but can damage healthy cells
What is chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy is when chemicals are used to to stop cells dividing and make them self destruct
State the three components of tobacco smoke
It gives a sensation of calm, well being and ‘being able to cope’
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Nicotine makes the smoker addicted
What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?
It poisons the smoker and takes up the blood
What effect does tobacco have on the body?
It causes long lasting effect and damages the tissue
How does smoking effect pregnancy?
It makes the woman carry more carbon monoxide. It makes the foetus not grow properly as it doesn’t receive as much oxygen. It also could lead to premature babies, low birthweight babies and still births
How does smoking effect the heart?
It narrows blood vessels, damages the lining of the arteries, increases cell formation leading to heart attacks ,CHD and strokes
How does nicotine effect the heart?
It increases heart rate
Why is it important to have some fat?
You need some body fat to cushion your internal organs and act as an energy store
What is type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is when you’re body doesn’t make enough insulin to control you blood sugar levels or your cells stop responding to insulin
What problems can type 2 diabetes lead to?
It leads to problems with circulation, kidney function and eyesight. It could also lead to death
Why are people who exercise regularly healthier than people who do little exercise?
Exercise builds cardiovascular fitness so people who exercise are more likely to have healthier hearts and bigger lungs than people who don’t do exercise.
What are healthy people less likely to get?
They are less likely to be overweight, have type 2 diabetes, have high blood pressure and heart disease
What is a carcinogen?
A carcinogen is an addictive substance that increases the risk of cancer developing
