non-malignant pain Opioids Flashcards
(48 cards)
opioid antagonist
nalaxone
opioid weak agonists
codeine
tramadol
opioid full agonist
morphine
hydrocodone
hydromorphone
oxycodone
merperidine
fentanyl
methadone
s/sxs of opioid overdose
sedation
loss of consciousness
pinpoint pupils
decreased respiratory rate
bradycardia
hypotension
pale/clammy skin
s/sxs of opioid withdrawal
insomnia/agitation
dilated pupils
increased respiratory rate
tachycardia
hypertension
sweating
when does opioid withdrawal onset and how long
short acting: 8-24 hours and lasts 4-10 days
long acting: 12-48 hours and lasts 10-20 days
withdrawal treatment
clonidine
buprenorphine
methadone
opioid side effects
antitussive
constipation
N/V
itching
hypotension
urinary retention
sedation
respiratory depression
opioid clinical pearls
consider laxative/stool softener
potential for tolerance/addiction
schedule II
codeine schedule
V, III, or II depending on strength
codeine metabolism
metabolized to morphine via CYP2D6
poor metabolizers will get no effect from codeine
who should avoid codeine
breastfeeding mothers
under 12
Ultra rapid metabolizers
tramadol risks
serotonin syndrome
when should tramadol be adjusted
renal
tramadol boxed warning
CYP3A4 inducers, inhibitors, and 2D6 inhibitors should be used cautiously with tramadol
tramadol scheduling
IV
tramadol brand
ultram
morphine formulations
Capsule ER
tablet IR and ER
oral solution
injection
suppository
morphine major side effect
itching
How is morphine excreted?
When to avoid morphine?
renally excreted
avoid in CKD or AKI
morphine boxed warning
avoid alcohol while taking ER capsules
Hydromorphone brand
dilaudid
hydromorphone formulations
IR and ER tablets
oral solution
injection
suppository
hydromorphone boxed warning
dosing errors with different formulations
