NON-METALLIC MATERIALS (WOOD AND FABRIC)

Question 1

Chosen material for aircraft construction during World War 1 in 1939.

Answer 1

Wood

Question 2

Types of wood

Answer 2

Solid wood
Plywood
Laminated wood

Question 3

Made from one solid log that was cut into quarters and is commonly used in aircraft wing spars.

Answer 3

Solid wood

Question 4

Two or more woods of the same grain direction that are glued together.

Answer 4

Laminated wood

Question 5

Manufacturing Process of Laminated Wood:

Answer 5

Spruce → Structural wood → Kiln drying → Strength grading → Finger jointing → Planing → Glue application → Pressing → Planing → Packing

Question 6

Three or more thin sheets of wood board with alternating grain direction (1st layer: vertical grain, 2nd layer: horizontal grain) that are glued and pressed together.

Answer 6

Plywood

Question 7

Manufacturing Process of Plywood:

Answer 7

Log selection → Conditioning of log → Peeling → Veneer cutting → Veneer drying → Jointing and repairs → Veneer grading → Glueing → Pre-pressing and lay up → FInal pressing → Trimming to size → Sanding → Quality inspection → Packaging and storage

Question 8

Species of wood

Answer 8

Hardwoods
Softwoods

Question 9

Types of hardwood

Answer 9

Mahogany
birch

Question 10

Types of softwood

Answer 10

Sitka spruce
douglas fir
balsa
noble fir
northern white pine

Question 11

Wood defects

Answer 11

limb
check
shake
knot
sapwood
heartwood

Question 12

acceptable defects

Answer 12

cross-grain
wavy, curly, and interlocked grain
hard knots
pin knot clusters
pitch pockets
mineral streaks

Question 13

non-acceptable defects

Answer 13

cross-grain
wavy, curly, and interlocked grain
hard knots
pin knot clusters
spike knots
pitch pockets
mineral streaks
checks, shakes, and splits
compression failures
decay

Question 14

types of adhesives

Answer 14

Casein adhesive
synthetic-resin adhesive
plastic resin glue

Question 15

Synthetic-Resin adhesive types

Answer 15

Resocinol glue
Phenol-formadehyde glue
Epoxy resins

Question 16

What are the inspection method of wood?

Answer 16

moisture metering
tapping
probing
prying
smelling
visual inspection

Question 17

what is critical to the structural strength of an aircraft wooden structure. To ensure the structural integrity of a wood joint, the bonding process must be carefully controlled?

Answer 17

bonding process

Question 18

Wood bonding process

Answer 18

Preparation
Utilization
Performing

Question 18

Considering the following periods when applying adhesive

Answer 18

pot life
open assembly time
closed assembly type
pressing

Question 19

What is used to squeeze adhesive out into a thin, continuous film between the wood layers. This forces air from the joint and
brings the wood surfaces into intimate contact. Pressure should be applied to the joint before the adhesive becomes too thick to flow and is accomplished by means of clamps, presses, or other mechanical devices.

Answer 19

Clamping pressure

Question 20

two classifications of plastic

Answer 20

thermoplastic resin
thermosetting resins

Question 21

Types of Thermoplastic Material

Answer 21

cellulose acetate
acrylic
other types:
cellulose acetate polyethylene
vinyl
acrylic resin
Polytetraflouroethylene (Teflon)

Question 22

Types of Thermoplastic Material

Answer 22

polyester resin
vinyl ester resin
phenolic resin
epoxy
polyimides
polybensimidazoles (pbi)
bismaleimides (bmi)

Question 23

-Has been used in the early stages of aviation history.
-Wright Flyer is a famous fabric-covered aircraft.

Answer 23

Fabrics

Question 24

Fabric problem areas

Answer 24

deterioration tension

Question 25

types of fabric weaving

Answer 25

plain twill satin basket leno mock leno

Question 26

the direction along the length of fabric

Answer 26

wrap

Question 27

the direction across the width of the fabric.

Answer 27

fill or weave

Question 27

the number of threads per inch in warp or filling.

Answer 27

count

Question 28

the number of yarns making up a thread.

Answer 28

ply

Question 28

a cut, fold, or seam made diagonally to the warp or fill threads.

Answer 28

bias

Question 28

an edge which has been cut by machine or special pinking shears in a continuous series of Vs to prevent raveling.

Answer 28

pinked edge

Question 29

the edge of cloth, tape, or webbing woven to prevent raveling.

Answer 29

salvage edge

Question 30

condition of polyester fabric upon completion of the production process before being heat shrunk.

Answer 30

greige

Question 31

brushing or spraying where the second coat is applied 90° to the direction the first coat was applied. The two coats together make a single cross coat.

Answer 31

cross coat

Question 31

fabric covering process

Answer 31

blanket method envelope method

Question 32

A plasticized lacquer that is applied to fabric-coated aircraft.

Answer 32

aircraft dope

Question 33

Aircraft Fabric Synthetic

Answer 33

STC approved covering material Polyester Filaments Covering Procedure Installation

Question 34

Physical Specifications and minimum strength requirements for natural fabric fiber, cotton and linen, used to recover or repair components of an aircraft.

Answer 34

Aircraft Fabric-Natural

Question 35

Aircraft Fabric | Natural

Answer 35

recovering aircraft reinforcing tape finishing tape lacing cord machine thread and hand sewing PREPARATION OF THE STRUCTURE FOR COVERING Fairing Precaution Dope protection