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AMCR > Properties of Materials > Flashcards

Properties of Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What are the engineering materials?

A

● metals
● polymers
● elastomers
● ceramics
● glasses
● hybrids

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2
Q

Matter in latin

A

mater

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3
Q

matter in sanskrit

A

matri

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4
Q

matter means

A

mother

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5
Q

Materials

A

Matter that human beings use and/or process.

All matter that is used to produce manufactured or consumer goods.

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6
Q

classification of the properties of materials

A

Thermal
Optical
Mechanical
Physical
Chemical
Nuclear

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7
Q

PHYSICAL TERMS OF DESCRIBING PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

A

Hardness
Toughness
Malleability
Ductility
Elasticity
Plasticity
Strengthen
Stiffness
Density
Fusibility
Conductivity
Brittleness
Contraction and Expansion

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8
Q

Heat-treatment terms

A

Critical Range
Annealing
Normalizing
Heat Treatment
Hardening
Quenching
Tempering
Carburizing
Casehardening

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9
Q

Physical Test Terms

A

Strain
Stress
Tensile Strength
Elastic Limit
Proportional Limit
Proof Stress
Yield Strength
Yield Point
Elongation
Reduction of Area
Modulus Elasticity

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10
Q

What is the property of resisting penetration or permanent distortion. Can be measured by Hardness mohs scale?

A

Hardness

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11
Q

What is ability of a material to withstand cracks to prevent the transfer or propagation of cracks across its section hence causing failure? Ability to absorb impact well. (Nm or Joule)

A

Toughness

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12
Q

What is the property of metals which allows them to be bent or permanently distorted without rupture (compressive stress)?

A

Malleability

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13
Q

What is the property of metals which allows them to be drawn out without breaking (tensile stress)?

A

Ductility

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14
Q

What is the property of returning to the original shape when the force causing the change of shape is removed?

A

Elasticity

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15
Q

Opposite of elasticity. The ability of a material to be changed in shape permanently.

A

Plasticity

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16
Q

the ability of a material to resist applied stress before failure without deformation. More on the physical.

A

Strength

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17
Q

resistance to elastic deformation or the ability to resist bending. More on the functional.

A

Stiffness

18
Q

What is the weight of a unit volume of the material?

A

Density

19
Q

What is the property of being liquefied by heat. Metals are fused in welding. Steels fuse around 2500°F, aluminum alloys around 1100°F?

A

Fusibility

20
Q

what is the property of transmitting heat or electricity?

A

conductivity

21
Q

what is the property of resisting a change in the relative
position of molecules, or the tendency to fracture without change of shape?

A

Brittleness

22
Q

What are caused by the cooling or heating of metals.

A

Contraction and Expansion

23
Q

applied to steel, refers to the range of temperature between 1300°F and 1600°F?

A

Critical Range

24
Q

what is the process of heating steel above the critical range, holding it at that temperature until it is uniformly heated and the grain is refined, and then cooling it very slowly?

A

Annealing

25
Q

what is similar to annealing, but the steel is allowed
to cool in still air - a method that is somewhat faster than annealing cooling?

A

Normalizing

26
Q

what consists of a series of operations which have as their aim the improvement of the physical properties of a material?

A

Heat treatment

27
Q

______ of steel is done by heating the metal to a temperature above the critical range and then quenching it?

A

Hardening

28
Q

What is the immersion of the heated metal in a liquid, usually either oil or water to accelerate its cooling?

A

Quenching

29
Q

Sometimes referred to as “drawing”, is the reheating of hardened steel to a temperature below the critical range, followed by cooling as desired.

A

Tempering

30
Q

What is the addition of carbon to steel by heating it at a high temperature while in contact with a carbonaceous material in either solid, liquid, or gaseous form?

A

Carburizing

31
Q

What consists of carburizing, followed by suitable heat treatment to harden the metal?

A

Casehardening

32
Q

What is the deformation of material caused by an applied load?

A

Strain

33
Q

What is the load acting on a material. Internal stresses are the loads present in a material that has been strained by cold-working?

A

Stress

34
Q

This is often referred to as the ultimate tensile strength (U.T.S.). lt is the maximum tensile load per square inch which a material can withstand.

A

Tensile Strength

35
Q

What is the greatest load per square inch of original cross-sectional area which a material can withstand without a permanent deformation remaining upon complete release of the load.

A

Elastic Limit

36
Q

What is the load per square inch a material can withstand without resulting in a permanent elongation of more than 0.0001 inch per inch of gage length after complete release of stress?

A

Proof Stress

37
Q

What is the load per square inch at which a material exhibits a specified limiting permanent set or a specified elongation under load?

A

Yield Strength

38
Q

What is the load per square inch at which there occurs a marked increase in deformation without an increase in load?

A

Yield Point

39
Q

What is the difference in gage length before being subjected to any stress and after rupture, expressed in percentage of the original gage length?

A

Elongation (Percentage)

40
Q

What is the difference between the original cross-sectional area and the least cross-
sectional area after rupture, expressed as a percentage of the original cross-
sectional area?

A

Reduction of Area (Percentage)

41
Q

What is the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic limit. Thus E= unit stress/unit strain?

A

Modulus of Elasticity

AMCR (3 decks)

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