Non-Narcotics Flashcards
1
Q
What part of the brain regulates pain and temperature?
A
Hypothalamus
2
Q
What are the 3 broad categories of Non-narcotic analgesia?
A
- Salicylates
- NSAID’s
- APAP
3
Q
How do non-narcotics differ from narcotics?
A
- not chemically or structurally similar to morphine
- not good for sharp pain
- DOES not produce tolerance/dependency
- DOES effect BOTH pns and cns
4
Q
How does the inflammatory process work and what are the endogenous substances?
A
- injury occurs
- histamine (released by mast cells and basophils creates vasodilation & inflammation)
- bradykinins (polypeptide, mediates inflammation and sets off pain signal to CNS)
- PG (synthesized by COX) is MAIN inflammation mediator and sets off pain signal to CNS)
- phagocytes arrive to attack/neutralize antigens
5
Q
Tell me all the nitty gritty details about PG
A
- main inflammation & pain signal from PNS to CNS
- produced on demand in small qty’s - Not stored
- short half-life due to rapid degradation
- does not circulate, stays local
6
Q
What does COX stand for?
A
Cyclo Oxygenase
7
Q
What does COX do?
A
synthesize PG
8
Q
How many COX receptors are there?
A
2
- Cox 1 = stomach
- Cox 2 = everywhere else
9
Q
What is APAP?
A
N-acetyl para aminophenol or acetaminophen
10
Q
What 2 effects does APAP have?
A
- Anti-pyretic
2. Analgesia
11
Q
Where does APAP work?
A
on Cox 2 in the CNS ONLY
12
Q
What does APAP NOT DO?
A
- provide anti-inflammatory
2. no effects on platelet aggregation
13
Q
What are the 5 anti-inflammatory agents to know?
A
- Aspirin
- Ketoprofen
- Ibuprofen
- Naproxen
- Diclofenac
14
Q
What 3 physiological changes do anti-inflammatories affect?
A
- Anti-inflammatory
- Anti-pyretic
- Analgesia
15
Q
What are the 3 MOA for anti-inflammatories?
A
- inhibit synthesis of PG by inhibit COX
- inhibit immune system functions
- antagonize effect of histamine
