nondemocratic regimes

Question 1

what are hybrid regimes

Answer 1

combine elements of both authoritarianism and democracy - elections might be held but… leaders are elected but…

leaders change, but character of government and government policies do not
will have some substantial measure of popular support

Question 2

key tools of authoritarian leaders

Answer 2

strong military - willingness by leader to use this resource. lack of separation between military and political spheres

coercion: ranges from subtle to brutally obvious

patronage: institutions become increasingly weak

media: substantial censorship practices

Question 3

forms of authoritarian rule

Answer 3

absolute monarchies, personal rule, ruling parties, military gov, theocracy

Question 4

absolute monarchies

Answer 4

wield unlimited power, most common in middle east, authority owed to ruler who is not constrained by law

Question 5

personal rule

Answer 5

based less on office held than on personal links between rulers, patrons, etc.

can be stable but…
lack of attention to policy, decisions taken at whim of leader. struggles over succession.

cult of personality common

Question 6

ruling parties

Answer 6

party based dictatorships.
number declining but some still remaining

Question 7

military gov

Answer 7

not as common today. usually ushered in by a coop. more rare but does not mean the end of political influence by the military

Question 8

theocracy

Answer 8

government by religious leaders. iran is the most famous example