Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

FINALS - OBS, GYNAE, BREAST > normal labour > Flashcards

normal labour Flashcards

1
Q

function PGE labour

A

increase contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

function oxytocin labour

A

increase contractions, excitability + PGE production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cervical changes labour

A

cervical softening (increased hyaluniric acid) // cervical ripening (decreased collagen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

monitoring in labour

A

FHR CTG // contractions 30 mins // pulse 60 mins // BP, temp, ketones and proteins 4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 Ps of labour

A

power (contrications), passage (shape of pelvis), passenger (feotal lie and presentation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

normal presenting fetus

A

cephalic lie, occipit-anterior // flexed head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are braxton hicks contractions

A

3rd trimester, irregular and painless ‘contractions’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the 3 stages of labour

A

1 = until fully dilates // 2 = passage of baby / 3 = delivery of placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

stage 1 labour latent phase + rate

A

0-3cm (takes about 6 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

stage 1 labour active phase + rate

A

3cm to fully dilated (1cm/hr)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how long should stage 1 take in primigravida mums

A

10-16 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

usual presentation of fetus in stage 1

A

vertex (head enters pelvis in occipito-lateral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is passive second stage

A

abscence of pushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is active second stage

A

active process of maternal pushing (less painful than 1st stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when is stage 2 too long in nullparous women

A

> 2 hours (>3 in epidural)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when is stage 2 too long in multiparous women

A

> 1 hour (2> in epidural)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 7 cardinal movements of labour

A

1) engagement (baby head tranverse in pelvis) –> 2) descent (baby through birth canal) –> 3) flexion –> 4) internal rotation (now AP) –> 5) crowning and extension –> 6) retitution and external rotation –> 7) expulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how long does stage 3 of labour last

A

5-10 mins (up to half an hour)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

signs stage 3 is complete

A

uterus hardens and risens // umbilical cord lengthens // gush of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

benefits of delayed cord clamping

A

more haemoglobin and blood volume to baby

21
Q

how is a CTG read

A

DR C BRAVADO (risk , contractions, rate, accelerations, decelerations, overall)

22
Q

normal foetal heart rate

23
Q

causes foetal bradycardia

A

fetal vagal tone // maternal BB

24
Q

causes foetal bradycardia

A

pyrexia, infection, hypoxia, prematura

25
how many contractions should be in 10 mintes
3-4 // too few = not progressing // too many = hyperstimulation
26
normal baseline variabilities CTG
5-15
27
causes loss of variability
premature, hypoxia, epidural, sleeping baby (worry if >90mins)
28
accelerations in a CTG
increase in heart rate >15bmp for >15 seconds after each contraction
29
what is an early deceleration
reduced heart rate that coincides with start of contraction and goes back to normal once contraction finishes (usually not harmful)
30
what is a late decel CTG
a deceleration of HR that lags behind start of contraction and takes 30 seconds to fix itself (sign of ditress)
31
what are variable decels
independent of contractions (cord compression)
32
indications for IOL
prolonged pregnancy (1-2 weeks past date) // PPROM // diabetes, pre-eclampsia, cholestasis // intrauterine death
33
what is bishops score
asses need for induction
34
components of bishops score
position // consistency // effacement // dilation // station
35
what bishop score indicates need for inducing labour
<5
36
what bishop score indicates spontaneous labour
>8
37
1st method for IOL
membrane sweep (informal method, can be done by midwife)
38
medications used for IOL
vaginal PGE2, oral PGE1 (misoprotsol), oxytonin
39
procedural methods IOL
amniotomy (break waters) // cervical ripening balloon
40
what bishops score indicates medical method for IOL
<6 = vaginal PGE or oral misoprotsol
41
what bishops score indicates procedural method for IOL
>6 = amniotomy or IV oxytocin
42
biggest complication IOL
uterine hyperstimulation
43
symptoms of uterine hyperstimulation
fetal hypoxia or acidaemia // uterine rupture
44
mx uterine hyperstimulation
remove vaginal PGE, stop oxytocin
45
non-medical mx for pain in labour
TENS or etenox (50% NO + 50% air)
46
opiates used in labour
Pethidine or diamorphine (may cause neonatal distress)
47
where is an epidural inserted + what meds are administered
L3-4 // Levobupivacaine/ bupivacaine + fentanyl
48
risks epidural
slow labour, fetal bradycardia + distress // maternal hypotension, headache, atonic bladder
49
analgesia for c section
spinal - LA + opioid to subarachnoid space

FINALS - OBS, GYNAE, BREAST (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions