Nose Flashcards
(23 cards)
Why danger triangle dangerous
Free venous communication between cavernous sinus
Cav sinus thrombosis, ptosis, chemosis, cn palsies
Nasal tip sebaceous gland hypertrophy
Rhinophyma
Features of BCC
Small pearly nodule Telangactasia Rolled edges Locally destructive Rare mets
Features of SCC
Red crusted ulcer
Scaly
Mets more common
Most common cause of common cold
Rhinovirus
Human coronavirus, flu, adenovirus, HSV
Rare complication of common cold
Chest infection
Rhinosinusitis
Orgs causing sinusitis
Pneumococcus
Haemophilus influenza
Rx for acute sinusitis
Amoxicillin
Nasal decongest ion, analgesia
Clinical feature of sinusitis
Cold like symptoms
Facial pain
Pyrexia
Complications of sinusitis
Orbital - cellulitis, abscess, cav sinus thrombosis
CNS - meningitis, extra and sub dural brain abscess
Septicaemia
Rx for allergic rhinitis
Avoid allergens Saline douche Intranasal steroid Antihistamines (Oral steroid , surgery) Other - sodium chromglycate, ipratroprium bromide, desensitization
Causes of non allergic rhinitis
Infection Rhinitis medicamentosa Vasomotor Atrophic rhinitis Gustatory
Rx of deviated nasal septum
Septoplasty
What is the triad in chronic Rhinosinusitis
Samter’s triad
Asthma
NSAID allergy
Polyps
Rx for chronic Rhinosinusitis
Short term systemic steroids
Long term topical steroids
Long term low dose macrolide (clarithromicin)
Surgery - FESS
Features of nasal tumours
Unilateral
Epistaxis
Nasal widening
Eye and CNS signs
Malignant nasal neoplasms
Olfactory neiroblastoma
Adenocarcinoma
Melanoma
Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma
Benign nasal tumours
Inverted papilloma
Angiofibroma
Causes of nasal obstruction
Allergic rhinitis Non allergic rhinitis Deviated nasal septum Nasal polys/ chronic Rhinosinusitis Tumours
Rx for enlarged adenoids
Topical/oral steroid
Nasal decongestant
Surgery
What must exclude when suspecting adenoid hypertrophy
Choanal atresia
Foreign body
What increases suspicion of post nasal space tumour
Recent onset nasal obstruction
Nasal discharge
Middle ear effusion
‘‘Lump’’ in the neck
Rx for septal abscess
Urgent referral for I and D
Packing to reapproximate mucoperichondrium
IV abx
