Nose/Mouth

Question 1

What is the upper third of the nose supported by?

Answer 1

Bone

Question 2

What is the lower two-thirds of the nose supported by?

Answer 2

Cartilage

Question 3

What is the medial wall of the nose formed by?

Answer 3

The nasal septum
*Supported by bone and cartilage
*Covered by vascular mucous membrane

Question 4

What is the vestibule lined with?

Answer 4

Hair

Question 5

What are turbinates of the nose?

Answer 5

Curving bony structures on the lateral side
*covered with mucous membranes

Question 6

Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain into?

Answer 6

Inferior meatus

Question 7

What are the functions of the nose?

Answer 7

Cleansing
Humidification
Temperature control of inspired air

Question 8

What are sinuses?

Answer 8

Air-filled cavities within the bones of the skull

Question 9

What are the four sinuses?

Answer 9

Maxillary*
Ethmoid
Frontal*
Sphenoid
*all lined with a mucous membrane
*can be palpated

Question 10

What is rhinorrhea and nasal congestion?

Answer 10

Drainage from the nose
Sense of stuffiness or obstruction

Question 11

What is the medical term for a nose bleed?

Answer 11

Epistaxis

Question 12

What are some causes of epistaxis?

Answer 12

Trauma (nose-picking)
Inflammation
Drying and cresting of the nasal mucosa
Tumor
Foreign bodies

Question 13

If there is tenderness of the nasal tip or ala what does that suggest?

Answer 13

Local infection
*furuncle

Question 14

What should you avoid contact with with examining the nose?

Answer 14

The nasal septum

Question 15

In viral rhinitis describe the mucosa

Answer 15

Reddened and swollen

Question 16

In allergic rhinitis describe the mucosa

Answer 16

pale
Bluish
Red

Question 17

What are nasal polyps?

Answer 17

Pale sack-like growths of inflamed tissues that can obstruct the air passage or sinuses
*benign

Question 18

What is a labial frenulum?

Answer 18

A midline mucosal fold
*connects each lip with the gingiva

Question 19

What is adjacent to the gingiva?

Answer 19

Alveolar mucosa

Question 20

What is each tooth composed of?

Answer 20

Dentin

Question 21

Where do nerves of the teeth enter?

Answer 21

Through the pulp canal and pulp chamber

Question 22

How many adult teeth are there?

Answer 22

32
*1-16 right to left, upper jaw
*17-32 left to right, lower jaw

Question 23

What is the front of the tongue covered with?

Answer 23

Papillae
*give the tongue its rough surface

Question 24

Does the undersurface of the tongue have papillae?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

What does the lingual frenulum connect?

Answer 25

Connects the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth and ducts of the submandibular glands

Question 26

Where is saliva secreted from?

Answer 26

Submandibular glands

Question 27

Where are the soft palate and uvula located?

Answer 27

Above and behind the tongue, there is an arch formed by the anterior and posterior pillars

Question 28

Where is the posterior pharynx visible?

Answer 28

In the recess behind the soft palate and tongue

Question 29

Where do tonsils protrude from?

Answer 29

Tonsillar fossa *which is between the anterior and posterior pillars

Question 30

What does the buccal mucosa line?

Answer 30

The cheeks

Question 31

Where does the parotid duct open into?

Answer 31

The buccal mucosa near the upper second molar

Question 32

Medical term for a sore throat?

Answer 32

Pharyngitis

Question 33

What are bleeding gums caused by?

Answer 33

Gingivitis

Question 34

What can cause hoarseness?

Answer 34

Diseases of the larynx Lesions that press on the laryngeal nerves

Question 35

What should you consider if the hoarseness is acute?

Answer 35

Voice overuse Acute viral laryngitis Neck trauma

Question 36

What is the medical term for bad breath?

Answer 36

Halitosis

Question 37

What are you checking for when palpating the tongue?

Answer 37

Indurations

Question 38

When the patient says AHHH what does that enable you to see?

Answer 38

The pharynx and bilateral rise of the soft palate (CNX)

Question 39

If there is asymmetric protrusion of the tongue what cranial nerve is damaged?

Answer 39

CN XIII *hypoglossal nerve

Question 40

What happens in the mouth if there is CN X (vagus nerve) paralysis?

Answer 40

The soft palate fails to rise and the uvula deviates to the opposite side

Question 41

What causes angular cheilitis?

Answer 41

Overclosure of the mouth *see in people with no teeth *there is softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth

Question 42

What is actinic cheillits?

Answer 42

A precancerous condition that results from excessive exposure to sunlight *lip loses normal redness and may become scaly

Question 43

What is angioedema?

Answer 43

A life-threatening allergic reaction *involves the larynx, tongue, or upper airway

Question 44

What is Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

Answer 44

Small prominent small brown pigmented spots in the dermal layer *autosomal dominant syndrome

Question 45

What is exudative Tonsillitis?

Answer 45

There are thick whit exudates on the tonsils *increases the probability of streptococcal infection

Question 46

What is thrush?

Answer 46

White patches on the tongue that are very painful *can be due to corticosteroids *very painful *yeast infection from Candida species

Question 47

What is Kaposi Sarcoma?

Answer 47

Deeply purple color of lesion in the mouth *related to AIDS

Question 48

What causes gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 48

Chronic inflammation

Question 49

What is leukoplakia?

Answer 49

A thickened whit patch that may occur anywhere in the oral mucosa *benign

Question 50

What are Hutchinson Teeth?

Answer 50

The teeth are smaller and more widely spaced than normal and are notched on their biting surfaces *occur from congenital syphilis

Question 51

What is black hair tongue?

Answer 51

Brown and black tongue *benign *associated with bacterial overgrowth, antibiotic therapy, poor dental hygiene

Question 52

What is oral hairy leukoplakia?

Answer 52

Whitish raised asymptomatic plaques with a feathery pattern *cannot be scraped off *Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

Question 53

What are Tori mandibularis?

Answer 53

bony growths on the inner surfaces of the mandible *Asymptomatic

Question 54

What is an aphthous ulcer?

Answer 54

Canker sore *painful, shallow, whitish-gray oval ulceration

Question 55

What is torus palatines?

Answer 55

Benign midline bump

Question 56

What could asymmetric tonsils indicate ?

Answer 56

Lymphoma

Question 57

What is hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia?

Answer 57

Multiple red spots on the lips *autosomal dominant endothelial disorder

Question 58

What are Fordyce spots

Answer 58

Normal sebaceous glands that appear as small yellowish spots in the buccal mucosa or on the lips

Question 59

What are koplik spots

Answer 59

Early sign of measles *white small specks that resemble grains of salt

Question 60

If someone has a smooth tongue what are they deficient in?

Answer 60

Riboflavin Niacin Folic acid B12