Notes 1

Question 1

What is Anatomy?

Answer 1

• The study of the structure of the body parts and their relationship to one another
• Describes the structures of the body and where they’re located

Question 2

What is Physiology?

Answer 2

• How the body and its part work or function

- Structure determines function and function influences structure

Question 3

What are the levels of organization of the body?

Answer 3

1. Chemical
2. Cellular
3. Tissue
4. Organ
5. System levels

Question 4

Chemical level

Answer 4

The organization of the body begins at the chemical level with the ATOM

Matter- anything that occupies space
Elements- 112 different ATOMS in the universe categorized as ELEMENTS
Elements are the building blocks of everything

Question 5

ATOM

Answer 5

An ATOM is the most basic unit of matter

Question 6

MATTER

Answer 6

Matter is anything the occupies space and has mass. Can be gas, liquid, solid, etc.

Question 7

ELEMENTS

Answer 7

• The building blocks of everything
• 112 atoms in the universe that are organized as elements
• 92 NATURAL / 20 MAN-MADE

Question 8

What 4 elements make up ____% of our bodies?

Answer 8

Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Carbon

Makes up 96% of our body

Question 9

How many elements compose the body?

What elements compose the body?

Answer 9

26 elements compose the body

Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon <— 96% of the body

Ex. of other elements:
Calcium, sodium, magnesium, potassium, iron, sulfur, phosphate, zinc

Question 10

Molecule

Answer 10

2 or more DIFFERENT or the SAME atoms joined together by a chemical bond

Ex: H2O, H2, O2, CO2

Question 11

Compound

Answer 11

2 or more DIFFERENT (only) elements bonded together

Ex: C6H12O6 (glucose), H2O

Question 12

Chemistry

Answer 12

The study of how ATOMS and MOLECULES interact with one another

Question 13

Cellular level

Answer 13

• The CELL is the basic unit of life
• The basic structure and functional unit of living organisms
• Each cell enclosed by membrane / most capable of reproducing
• Cells are microscopic
• Billions of cells in the human body
• Cells are grouped by function
• Each cell contains different molecules which differentiates it from other cells

Question 14

Describe the relationship of Atoms, Molecules, Cells

Answer 14

Atoms(tiny building blocks of matter) combine to form Molecules(water, protein, sugar, etc.)

Molecules associate in specific ways to form Cells(smallest unit of living organisms)

Question 15

Tissue

Answer 15

A group of similar cells with a common function existing/living in a matrix is called tissue

Question 16

Matrix

Answer 16

A non-living material that serves as the background medium for living cells

The matrix is produced by the cells

Question 17

What are the ___ types of tissue?

Answer 17

The 4 types of tissue are:

Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous

Question 18

Epithelial tissue

Answer 18

Protects, covers, lines, surfaces and cavities. Also secretes

Ex: skin, lining of the stomach, GI tract, lining of the heart

“Fabric of the body”

Question 19

Connective Tissue

Answer 19

Connects, supports, binds, structures. Anchors

Ex:
LIGAMENTS- connect bone to bone
TENDONS- connect muscle to bone

Question 20

Muscular Tissue

Answer 20

Facilitates movement of the body and fluids

Question 21

Nervous Tissue

Answer 21

Conducts electrical impulses and regulates body function

Nervous tissue makes up fur brain