Notes

Question 1

Retribution

Answer 1

“Lextalionis - an eye for an eye” - the offender deserves to be punished.

Question 2

Incapacitation

Answer 2

physically removed from society. “1 in 100 adults in prison”

Question 3

Deterrence

Answer 3

the prevention of future criminal behavior.

Question 4

Rehabilitation

Answer 4

Changing an offenders attitudes and behavior.

Question 5

Reiteration

Answer 5

An emphasis on the victim, programs designed to make the victim whole again.

Question 6

Indeterminate

Answer 6

Let the punishment fit the offender. Individualized justice. Medical model of sentencing. Any offender is mentally ill.

Question 7

Legislator

Answer 7

assign a wide range of punishment. Ex: Florida, probation to life - armed robery

Question 8

Paroll Board

Answer 8

Discretionary release. Inmates are eligible for parole. Average is 1/3 maximum sentence.

Question 9

Sentencing Disparity

Answer 9

hen similar defenders with similar criminal history revive vastly different sentences.

Question 10

Rehabilitation itself

Answer 10

Dr. Robert Marketson - Conducted a meta-analyis of all rehabilitation programs, 243 studies.

Question 11

Verbatim

Answer 11

with few and isolated exceptions the rehab efforts to date have not achieved success.

Question 12

Structure Sentencing System

Answer 12

• Goals
  1. Have the sentence based on the act rather then the offenders potential for rehabilitation.
  2. Limit judicial desecration.
  3. Reduce sentencing disparity.

Question 13

Aggravating

Answer 13

Make sentence worse

Question 14

Mitigating

Answer 14

Make sentence less

Question 15

Presumptive

Answer 15

every crime is broken down.

Question 16

Sentencing Dispositions

Answer 16

1. Fine- The most frequent.
2. Probation - Community based supervision.
3. Intermediate sanctions - more control over then probation, less in prison.
4. Prison - a sentence of confinement.
5. Capital Punishment - Sentence to death.

Question 17

PA Model of Prison’s

Answer 17

• Watershed 1790 the 1st institution to house offenders after they have been convicted of a crime was the Walnut St Jail, Philly.
• 1st state prison, Easton State Penitentiary.
• Characteristics
  Cells were large, solitary confinement, informed silence, forced bible readings.

Question 18

Auburn Model of Prisons, NY

Answer 18

• Characteristics
  Cells were small, inmates were expected to work, liberal use of a whip, lock step, no eye contact, degrading prison clothing.

Question 19

Contemporary Prisons

Answer 19

• Prisonization
  
  1. Cope with loss of freedom
  2. Learn the mechanism for early release
  3. Learn the values in culture

Question 20

Prison Inmate Subculture

Answer 20

A set of attitudes, values, and beliefs that inmates share.

Question 21

Two things Police and Inmates share are?…

Answer 21

1. Despise snitches

2. Chilled sex offenders

Question 22

Prison Greeting Facts

Answer 22

• When you enter a prison for the first time you are known as a “fish”
• Mostvunerblepeople are while slightly built males.
• Fish will be challenged first time in cafeteria

Question 23

Challenges to prison in 21st Century

Answer 23

1. Overcrowded
2. Tuberculous, and AIDS
3. Prison Gangs
4. Geriatric offenders

Question 24

Total institution

Answer 24

One that totally regulates the behavior of its members.

Question 25

Mortification

Answer 25

The process of which a individual is stripped of his or her personal identity. Most - Supermax, Monastery, and concentration camps.

Question 26

Probation

Answer 26

Community based supervision without prison. Why? Cost effective, and belief in rehabilitation. 

Question 27

Father of Probation

Answer 27

John Augustus, 1841 - Started as volunteer, was a shoes maker, came of idea because of drunk friend. 

Question 28

1878...

Answer 28

Massachusetts passed first probation statue.

Question 29

A probation officer has 2 conflicting roles…

Answer 29

 1. Cop or law enforcement officer |      2. Social Worker

Question 30

Conditions

Answer 30

General Conditions - Apply to all offenders. | Specific Conditions - Apply to individual offender. 

Question 31

Parole

Answer 31

Community based supervision after serving time in prison.

Question 32

Movie facts…

Answer 32

   - Thursday check in day      - 10:30 home time      - 11 year old victim       - Social worker roll, or law enforcement roll

Question 33

ntermediate Sanction

Answer 33

More control over the offender then probation, but less control in prison. Example: Halfway house, Boots camps, electronic house arrest, work release, probation, parole. 

Question 34

Morriassey v. Brewer 1972

Answer 34

Safeguards Ex: Written notice, Disclose to evidence, Opportunity to be heard in person, Right to confront and examine, a written statement.

Question 35

Gagnon v. Scarpelli

Answer 35

The safeguards identified in Morrissey v brewer were extended to probation.