NOTES (kap. 1,3)

Question 1

Experiments have shown that the physical state of matter is defined by specifying the composition, temperature, pressure, and volume of the material.

Two samples of a given material are in the same state, and have the same physical chemical properties and vise versa (density, viscocity, refractive indec, compressibility, etc.).

So if three of the variables are known, can the fourth be found?

Answer 1

Yes.

If you know the:
- pressure
- Temparature
- mole (stofmængde i mol)

You can find the Volume of water by the ideal gas equation. The volume can only be 32,8L (and is dependent on the other factors).

Den generelle formel for tilstandsligninger (the equation of state) er ikke kendt. Dette betyder blot, at trykket (p) er en funktion af stofmængden (n), volumen
(V) og temperaturen (T). Den generelle form siger ikke noget specifikt om, hvordan disse variable hænger sammen – den skal bestemmes eksperimentelt. Det gøres ved den ideale gasligning og van der waals ligningen.