Nouvelle France

Question 1

They understood the land; they had developed
_______ and effective modes of ____ from the environment around them to create ______
; they could use resources and to feed and clothe
themselves.

Answer 1

Trade routes

Travel

Medicwne

Question 2

In _____ , _______
“ convinced the French monarch, _____, to fund another expedition
to North America. During his ___ voyage, he placed a _____
on what is now the
Gaspé Peninsula, claiming the land for the King of France. When he met the _______________,
he was introduced to their leader, .
_______”
. While he had not
discovered a route to
______, he did report on the abundant resources of fish, furs
timber, and fertile land.

Answer 2

1534

Jacque Cartier

Francis I

First

Cross

St. Lawrence River Haudenosaunee

Donnacana

Aisa

Question 3

His ______ voyage in _____ took him up the _________. He stopped at the community called _______ ; he continued upstream until he reached the city of ______.
That ______, he lost 25 men to ____
The First Nations people began to die from
European diseases such as ______
_ Relations became strained as the death toll
increased.

Answer 3

Second

1535

St. Lawrence River

Stadacona

Hochelga

Winter

Scruvy

Small pox

Question 4

Stories of riches, such as ____ and _____, and the route to Asia in a land called the Kingdom of ______
_ prompted the funding for a ____ expedition in ______. The French had intended
to stay in Canada for some time, but the _________ began to conduct _____
on
the French in retaliation. By the next spring, they were forced to return to France. France found itself in a long
_____
- and expeditions to North America came to halt for fifty years

Answer 4

Gold

Spices

Saguenay

Final

1541

Haudenosaunee

Attacks

Civil war

Question 5

By the end of the ____ century, France needed new sources of _____. ______ believed that wealth could be found in the natural riches of North America, especially its :
______
founded a company to create a ____
in North America. The company was given a
_____
over the fur trade in an area known as _____

Answer 5

16th

Wealth

King Henri IV

Beaver pelts

Colony

monopoly

Acadia

Question 6

Determined to establish a lasting colony, where ______
turned his sights to the location where ______
once stood. The village was now abandoned, but he chose this site because of is advantageous location for _____
, its fertile ground, and because it
could be ______
if ever under attack. The named his new colony
_______
, which he took from the Algonquin word kebec, meaning “where the river
narrows”

Answer 6

Chaplain

Stadacana

Trade

Defended

Quebec

Question 7

To allow his new colony to grow and prosper, Champlain needed investors. In _____, he convinced one of the most powerful people in France, ________
, to establish the Company of
__________. It was given administrative control over the territory that France claimed.

Answer 7

1627

Cardinal Richelieu

One hundred associates

Question 8

During the next _____, ________ grew slowly, and the colony faced attacks by the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, who had formed an alliance with ______
and went to the
St. Lawrence area to disrupt trade between the French and the _______ With the French
colonists living in fear, __________, the land was not cleared or farmed, and there was little support from France in terms of ______

Answer 8

thirty-six years,

Nouvelle-France

britsh

Wendat (huron)

trade did not develop

Defence

Question 9

all this changed when King
________ came to the throne of France. He dismissed
the company and made Nouvelle-France a ______ colony in ____. Every aspect of
life came under the control of the ______________________________

Answer 9

Louis XIV

Royal

1663

French monarch and his appointed council.

Question 10

The council was composed of an ____________
- who was responsible for administering
_________; a _________
- who controlled military
matters and external policy; a _______
; and five councilors.

Answer 10

intendant

justice, policies, and finances of the colony

governor

bishop

Question 11

The relationship between the _________ and the ______ became increasingly
King Louis XIV sent ___________to Québec.
In ______, the regiment burned villages around Lake ________, which influenced the Haudenosaunee to sign a ______ with the French colonists.

Answer 11

French immigrants

Haudenosaunee

1100 members of the Carignan-Salières Regiment

1666

champlan

peace treaty

Question 12

Governor ________, Comte de _______ a Chad great dreams of a French empire that would control all of North America. Even as French officials warned of _________
their
resources, _______encouraged expeditions to take control of areas such as the
_________
_ valley.

Answer 12

Louis Buade

Frontenac

Overextending

Frontenac

mississippi

Question 13

The first role of the ________ in Nouvelle-France was to provide religious services for the colony and to try to _________First Nations people. The second role was to help with the social needs of the colony, such as providing _______________

Answer 13

Roman Catholic Church

covert

education, hospitals and assistance to the poor

Question 14

The Society of Jesus, whose missionaries were called the ________worked in Nouvelle-France with the primary goal of ___________________. To help achieve this goal, the _______lived among the First Nations and learned their _____________

Answer 14

Récollets

converting First Nations people to Christianity

Jesuits

languages and culture

Question 15

While the _______ focused on ______, other missionaries were instrumental in establishing _____________________. The __________
_ Nuns, who arrived in _______, managed the first
European schools in Nouvelle-France.

Answer 15

Jesuits

conversion

hospitals, schools, and orphanages

Ursuline

1639

Question 16

The method of land ownership in Nouvelle-France was known as the _________
_ system.
Technically, all the land was controlled by the king, but he distributed large grants of land ________________________________
The seigneurial system relied on having ______________________
The seigneur
was expected to build a manor house, be present on the land much of the year, and build a
___________ The habitant was expected to pay tithes to support the Church, as well as
annual fees for the land, for having his ________________________________

Answer 16

Seigneurial

to soldiers, merchants, and nobility, as well as the Church.

one person, a lord or seigneur
rent out land to censitaires, or habitants

gristmill

grain ground at the gristmill, and for fishing and hunting rights.

Question 17

In Europe, hats made from _________
pelts were in great demand. It was Europe’s
increasing demand for beaver furs that brought the French not only farther into North America, but also into ____________relationships with more First Nations.

Answer 17

beaver

trading

Question 18

In order to fill the demand for furs, French traders began to travel farther .
________
In
search of new sources of beaver pelts. These young, adventurous men became known as _____________“runners of the wood”. They spent hunting seasons living among the_____________ and developed an understanding of and appreciation for First Nations cultures.
Many came to prefer
_________________, where they were under the watchful eyes of French __________ and __________

Answer 18

north

coureurs de bois

first nations

life among First Nations people over life in the French
settlements

officals

priests

Question 19

During the
______
century, Britain and France began to intensify their fight for land
and power in North America. In ______, the signing of the Treaty of.
_______
drastically
changed the balance of power and size of territory of Now ________: France surrendered possesion to almost all of _________

Answer 19

18th

1713

Utrecht

Nuevell France

Newfoundland, Hudren bay, and Acadia.

Question 20

Overnight, the _____ were asked to switch their ________
from the ______ to the
_____. In ______, Charles Laurence was named the ________ of Nova Scotia. He demanded the Acadians take another oath of loyalty, but this time without the condition that allowed them to refuse to take up arms against the ______
When they refused, he ordered a
Mass ________ of all Acadians from Nova Scotia.

Answer 20

Acadians

Allegiance

French

British

1754

Governor

French

Expulsion

Question 21

Approximately 8,000 of the 10,000 Acadians were dispersed throughout the _
__________
Colonies to the south. Some Acadians managed to escape and found freedom in other French communities as far away as _________
- The Acadians in the south became known as
_____

Answer 21

thirteen colonies

Louisiana

Cajuns

Question 22

When the Seven Years’ War in Europe broke out, the French troops relied heavily on supplies shipped from France; the British, on the other hand, could supply their troops from supplies in North America and used their
__________
superiority to block French supply lines.

Answer 22

naval

Question 23

General _____ ______
sailed from_____ in ______with orders to conquer all of
Nouvelle-France. British troops began bombarding the town of
on___ _____, and
continued to attack for nine weeks

Answer 23

James
Wolfe

England

1759

July

12

Question 24

The final attack came in the early hours of ________ _____ ______. In the dark, the British soldiers scaled the cliffs and positioned themselves in a field know today as _____ of ____. General ________had most of the French troops stationed at Beauport; when he got word that the British were outside Quebec’s walls, he had to march his soldiers back into town. They arrived ______
_ for their battle with British forces. By the next morning, both generals were
dead and France lost Quebec.

Answer 24

September

13,

1759

plans

abraham

Montcalm

exhusted

Question 25

In ______, the Seven Years War ended with the signing of the Treaty of ________. Nouvelle-France was now officially in the hands of the British.

Answer 25

1763

Paris

Question 26

For First Nations people, this resulted in a major shift in their relationship with the European ________:
_ During the century and a half that the French and British had been battling for
control of North America, each First Nation made decisions to form ________
or remain _____, depending on what it believed was in its best interest. With the British in
control, First Nations lost their strategic ______ position

Answer 26

1763

alliances

neutral

Bargaining