Nov 20 Notes

Question 1

RBE

Answer 1

relative capabilities of radiation with different types of LET’s to produce particular biological reactions

Question 2

Increase in LET also does what?

Answer 2

Increase in biological damage risk

Question 3

When is RBE not practical??

Answer 3

For specifiying radiation

Question 4

Weighting factor

Answer 4

determines the ability of a dose of any kind/type of ionizing radiation to cause biological damage

Question 5

Weighting factor (Wr) is used to calculate ?

Answer 5

EqD

Question 6

Wr for xray and gamma

Answer 6

1

Question 7

Wr for beta particles

Answer 7

1

Question 8

Wr for neutrons(thermal)

Answer 8

5

Question 9

Wr for high speed neutrons

Answer 9

20

Question 10

Wr for alpha particles

Answer 10

20

Question 11

Wt stands for

Answer 11

Tissue weighting factor

Question 12

Tissure weighting factor

Answer 12

takes into account the relative risk/detriment to each specific organ and tissue

Question 13

Radiation energy transfer is determined by

Answer 13

1)Charge 2)Mass 3)Energy

Question 14

To understand the way ionizing radiation causes injury:

Answer 14

1)Linear energy transfer 2)Relative biological effectiveness 3)Oxygen enhancement ratio

Question 15

Are males or females less radiosensitive?

Answer 15

Females

Question 16

Oxygen has what effect on radiation?

Answer 16

Enhances radiation effects

Question 17

Radiation and cell interactions with matter

Answer 17

1)passes through NC 2) Radiation damages but repaired by enzymes 3)Cell is damaged and reproduces in mutated state 4) Apoptosis

Question 18

Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau

Answer 18

Radiosensitivity is dependent on, the # of undifferentiated cells in a tissue. Degree of mitotic activity in tissue, and length of time cells stay in active proliferation.

Question 19

Sensitivity to radiation increases in?

Answer 19

1)immature nonspecialized cells (stem) 2)High metabolic rated cells 3)Rapidly dividing cells

Question 20

List tissues decreasing in sensitivity to radiation

Answer 20

Lymphocytes, erthrocytes, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, connective tissue cells, bone cells, muscle cells, brain cells and nerve cells

Question 21

Influencing factors of biological effects

Answer 21

Dose rate to tissue exposed, total dose received by the tissue exposed, type of cell irradiated, oxygenation of tissue

Question 22

The size of a cell has no influence on radiation effects? True of False?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Indirect effect is aka

Answer 23

Indirect hit action,

Question 24

Indirect effect causes

Answer 24

1)Poison water therory 2)Hydrolysis 3)Radiolysis 4)Ionization of H20 in cells 5)Pond ripple effect

Question 25

The following tissues are radiosensitive:

Answer 25

Germinal, Hematopoetic(blood forming), Intestinal Crypt cells (cells on surface of intestine).

Question 26

Early effects are

Answer 26

Non stochastic

Question 27

Dose related effects are

Answer 27

Non stochastic

Question 28

Late effects are

Answer 28

stochastic

Question 29

Stochastic effects are

Answer 29

not dose related

Question 30

Acute radiation syndrome (ars) stages are

Answer 30

Prodromal,latent, and manifest illness

Question 31

The amount of radiation that may cause hematologic syndrome is?

Answer 31

100-1000 Rad or 1-10 Gy

Question 32

25 rad or .25Gy can produce a measureable

Answer 32

hematologic depression

Question 33

The amount of radiation that may cause gastrointestinal ARS

Answer 33

600-1000 Rad

Question 34

The amount of radiation that may cause CNS syndrome is

Answer 34

5000 rad or more than 50Gy