NP

Question 1

which are the three component of the Noun phrases

Answer 1

the head: around which the other components cluster and which dictates concord and other kinds of congruence
the premodification:items placed before the head
the post modification:items placed after the head

Question 2

RESTRICTIVE modification

Answer 2

: the head can be viewed as a member of a class which can be linguistically identified only through the modification that has been supplied.

Question 3

NON-RESTRICTIVE MODIFICATION

Answer 3

the head can be viewed as unique or as a member of a class that has been independently identified,any modification given to such a head is additional information which is not essential for identifying the head

Question 4

Permanent modification

Answer 4

items placed in premodification are given the status of permanent

Question 5

temporary reference

Answer 5

those adjectives which cannot premodify have a notably temporary reference

Question 6

Reason for preferring the of phrase to the s genitive?

Answer 6

to avoid discontinuity

Question 7

Group genitive enables to

Answer 7

postpose s inflection and avoid sequential of phrases.

Question 8

a special type of multiple modification that requires careful ordering occurs when

Answer 8

The modifying clause becomes itself embedded in a clause

Question 9

When a relative pronoun is subject

Answer 9

the conjunction THAT must be omitted

Question 10

it is “the smiles of delight on all the faces that he liked” ambiguous?

Answer 10

was it the smiles or the faces that he liked?

Question 11

two or more noun phrases are in apposition when

Answer 11

they have identity of reference

Question 12

The appositives may be

Answer 12

juxtaposed ,separated without formal expression of their relationship , indicated by a conjunction or by forms such a THAT IS and NAMELY

Question 13

apposition may be expressed by

Answer 13

that clauses ,by non finite clauses and by prepositional phrases.Also by my friend Anna the year 2000 . Titles and designations are restrictive apposition.
Appositives need not be noun phrases
References to words,book “ the word geese”

Question 14

Postmodification by Prepositional Phrase

Answer 14

it is the commonest type of post. Including the complex prepositions and including those having participial form.

Question 15

it is natural to relate such prepositional postmodification to

Answer 15

sentences or relative clauses with be

the man in the corner-The man is in the corner

Question 16

Stative verbs which cannot have the progressive in the finite verb phrase can appear in

Answer 16

Participial form.

he is talking to a girl resembling Joan

Question 17

in -ing participle clauses, the antecedent head corresponds to …

Answer 17

the implicit subject of the non finite verb clause

Question 18

There is no nonfinite postmodifier corresponding directly to the relative clause in

Answer 18

the obituary that the man is writing will be published tomorrow. instead, (the obituary being written by )

Question 19

the train which has arrived at platform one is from york

*the train arrived at platform one is from york

Answer 19

with intransitive verbs, there is no ed postmodifier corresponding exactly to a relative clause

Question 20

in infinitive clauses the subject of a infinitive clause need not to

Answer 20

be the antecedent .It may be separately introduced by the for device or entirely covert.

Question 21

meaning of the man to consult is Wilson

Answer 21

the man that YOU/HE should consult, or that everyone should consult.

Question 22

The loose non-restrictive relationship is often semantically indistinguishable from

Answer 22

coordination or adverbial subordination.

Question 23

types of premodification

Answer 23

adjective,participle,s genitive,noun ,adverbial,sentence

Question 24

i dont know how many people ambiguity

Answer 24

having a sentence as premodifier or as being an object

Question 25

his cottage which is so beautiful | his so beautiful cottage

Answer 25

some intensifiers are avoided with premodifying adjectives.

Question 26

a cottage which is so beautiful- such a beautiful cottage

Answer 26

with indefinite determiners, so would be replaced by such

Question 27

so beautiful a cottage

Answer 27

so plus adjective would be placed before the determiner

Question 28

the not very pleasant/unpleasant dinner

Answer 28

there is resistance to transferring clause negation to a structure of premodification . This is possible only in limited circumstances not plus intensifier or negative affix

Question 29

premodification by ing participles

Answer 29

depends on the potentiality of the participle to indicate a permanent or characteristic feature

Question 30

He greeted me with a reassuring expression

Answer 30

Concerned with the contextual meaning .The man himself cannot have shock or surprise attributed permanently to him ,but a particular look can be permanently associated with such a value..

Question 31

*who is the wandering man?

Answer 31

a wandering minstrel is one habitually given to wandering

Question 32

Definite and indefinite article IN ING PARTICIPLE

Answer 32

Df: specific and temporal Ind: habitual permanent

Question 33

A proposal offending many member- the offending proposal

Answer 33

After an indefinite head has been potmodified by an ing clause, the ing participle can premodify the same head plus an article.

Question 34

The beginning student should be given every encouragement

Answer 34

the definite article may evoke the same generality and permanence as the indefinite.

Question 35

The immigrant who has arrived * the arrived immigrant

Answer 35

the active ed participle is rarely used in premodification exceptions: the vanished treasure, the retired immigrant when the active participle is adverbially modified: the newly arrived immigrant

Question 36

is LOST PURSE gramatical correct?

Answer 36

It is correct because although after it has been retrieved is no longer regarded as lost ,the purse is regarded as lost through the period of disappearance.

Question 37

is LOST PURSE grammatical correct?

Answer 37

It is correct because although after it has been retrieved is no longer regarded as lost ,the purse is regarded as lost through the period of disappearance.

Question 38

the vaulted roof,the flauted pillar a wooded hillside are participle?

Answer 38

they are directly formed from nouns

Question 39

*a powered engine * a haired child * legged man

Answer 39

expresses semantic redundancy

Question 40

Ambiguity in A FISHERMAN´S COTTAGE

Answer 40

1-the cottage belongs to a fisherman or belonged to a fisherman (or resembles the house of a fisherman)

Question 41

These French women's clothing these women´s french clothing this French women´s clothing

Answer 41

the clothing of these French women the French clothing of these women French clothing belonging to women

Question 42

an old's man bicycle is ambiguous?

Answer 42

1-the bicycle belongs to an old man or the old bicycle is designed for man

Question 43

The leg of the trousers-the trouser leg

Answer 43

Plural nouns become singular, even those that otherwise have no singular form.

Question 44

The girl in the corner - the corner girl

Answer 44

The relative impermanence of the modification

Question 45

Multiple premodification

Answer 45

with single head, multiple head, with modifier modified

Question 46

His last brilliant book, his brilliant last book

Answer 46

single head.1. of several brilliant books, we're speaking only of his last one. 2- his last book was brilliant, without commitment to whether any of the others were.

Question 47

His handsome but scarred face

Answer 47

When coordinated modifiers relate to properties that are normally thought to conflict, the coordinator will probably not be and.

Question 48

The house property tax office furniture

Answer 48

multiple premodification.Modified modifier . the Noun premodifier can be itself premodified by either an adjective or noun,if the latter this can in turn be similarly premodified.

Question 49

Order of adjectives in English

Answer 49

Determiner -General-age-colour-participle-provenance-noun-denominal-head

Question 50

what happens when two nouns premodify ?

Answer 50

the one which corresponds to head as object to verb will follow one relating to material or agency. The cigarette gas lighter- a cardboard detergent carton

Question 51

Youll meet a man TOMORROW carrying a heavy parcel

Answer 51

Discontinuous modification-t is not uncommon for a NP to be interrupted by other items of clause structure