Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing TSC > NP3- Antimicrobial Meds > Flashcards

NP3- Antimicrobial Meds Flashcards

NP3 (56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are sulfonamides commonly known as?

A

Sulfa drugs

Includes sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra) and sulfasalazine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of sulfonamides?

A

DOC for UTI, PCP and P. jirovecii in HIV patients, ulcerative colitis, IBD, RA, OP staph infections

Sulfasalazine is a sulfonamide but not used as an antibiotic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common side effects of sulfonamides?

A

Allergic reactions, blood dyscrasias, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, photosensitivity (severe sunburn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What nursing considerations should be taken for patients on sulfonamides?

A

Administer with plenty of fluid (2,000-3,000 ml/day), discontinue immediately if rash appears, and avoid in patients with thiazide/loop diuretic allergies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of penicillins?

A

Bactericidal; inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which bacteria are penicillins commonly effective against?

A

Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are side effects of penicillins?

A

Allergic reactions, urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, anaphylaxis, SJS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What should be monitored in patients receiving penicillins?

A

Renal function (creatinine), and observe for allergic reactions for 30 minutes after the first dose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the special consideration for cephalosporins regarding allergies?

A

May have cross-sensitivity allergic reactions to penicillins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the therapeutic use of carbapenems?

A

Reserved for complicated body cavity and connective tissue infections in acutely ill hospitalized patients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are side effects associated with carbapenems?

A

Drug-induced seizures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of vancomycin?

A

Bactericidal; binds to the cell wall and inhibits cell wall synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is vancomycin the drug of choice for?

A

Severe staph infections, specifically MRSA; pseudomembranous colitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the side effects of vancomycin?

A

Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, thrombophlebitis, Red man syndrome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of macrolides?

A

Bacteriostatic; inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are common infections treated with macrolides?

A

Legionella pneumonia, Bordetella pertussis, Chlamydia, H. pylori.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are common side effects of aminoglycosides?

A

Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of tetracyclines?

A

Bacteriostatic; suppress bacterial growth by inhibiting protein synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some therapeutic uses of tetracyclines?

A

Chlamydia, syphilis, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Rickettsia, severe acne.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What food interactions should be avoided with tetracyclines?

A

Dairy products, laxatives, antacids, iron salts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a significant side effect of fluoroquinolones?

A

Phototoxicity and risk of tendon rupture in kids <18. Prolonged QT interval. Phototoxicity (severe sunburn), vertigo, seizures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the therapeutic uses of nitroimidazole?

A

C. difficile colitis, acute intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abscess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a unique side effect of nitroimidazole when combined with alcohol?

Study These Flashcards
A

Disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, nausea, vomiting).

24
Q

What is the primary use of nitrofuran?

Study These Flashcards
A

Used for urinary tract infections (UTIs).

25
Which is the least toxic antibiotic and among the safest of all meds?
PCN-G
26
What is the relationship between penicillins and pregnancy categories?
All penicillins are pregnancy category B drugs
27
Which type of antibiotic should not be combined in the same IV solution as penicillins?
Aminoglycosides
28
Cephalosporins should be used cautiously in what type of patients?
Patients with renal impairment - loop diuretics will increase their risk for nephrotoxicity
29
Why may suprainfections occur when taking cephalosporins?
Normal flora are killed with the antibiotic therapy
30
Which cephalosporin is used to treat MRSA
Ceftaroline
31
Which drug classes have risk of cross sensitivity with penicillin allergies?
Cephalosporins and Carbapenems
32
What are the therapeutic uses of Monobactams?
Moderately severe systemic infections and UTIs; gynecological infections
33
How are Monobactams administered in antibiotic therapy?
Injectable form only
34
What is a potentially lethal side effect of taking Vancomycin?
Red man syndrome
35
How long should vancomycin infusions be?
> 1 hour
36
What should be monitored in patients taking vancomycin?
BUN and creatinine levels
37
What are the nursing considerations for administering macrolides?
Pt should take medication with a full glass of water one hour before or 2 hours after a meal. The drug can irritate GI mucosa and increase GI motility
38
What are the therapeutic uses for aminoglycosides?
More serious or life threatening infections; gram negative organisms; pseudomonas aeruginosa
39
What are the serious side effects of aminoglycosides that require therapeutic drug monitoring of peaks and troughs?
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity (CN VIII)
40
What side effects are associated with tetracyclines?
GI upset, photosensitivity, teeth staining in pregnant women and children <8
41
Which antibiotic is the drug of choice for anthrax?
Fluoroquinolones
42
Which antibiotic is used for UTIs, respiratory tract infections, STDs, bones, joints and skin infections, but is not good for staph infections
Fluoroquinolones
43
What are some side effects of fluoroquinolones?
Phototoxicity, vertigo, seizures, tendon rupture in kids, altered blood glucose in diabetic patients
44
What are the therapeutic uses for oxazolidinones?
Work against multiple drug resistant gram positive organisms like VRE and MRSA
45
What are the side effects of oxazolidinones?
HA, N/V/D, myelosuppression - especially platelet reduction
46
What are the nursing considerations of oxazolidinones?
Check CBCs, take with food or milk, protect from light, avoid foods with tyramine (increase BP), infuse over 30-120 minutes
47
Which antibiotic can result in a disulfiram-like reaction if taken with alcohol?
Nitroimidazole
48
What are the therapeutic uses of nitroimidazole?
C diff colitis, acute intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abscess, colorectal surgical prophylaxis, GYN infections
49
What are the side effects of nitroimidazole?
Dizziness, HA, GI upset, nasal congestion, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, aseptic meningitis, peripheral neuropathy
50
How is nitroimidazole taken
PO, around the clock, with food
51
What should be taken with nitroimidazole to treat H. pylori infections?
tetracycline and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol)
52
What should patients taking nitroimidazole avoid?
Avoid alcohol and products containing alcohol during and 48 hrs after treatment
53
What is the therapeutic use of nitrofuran?
UTIs
54
What are the side effects of nitrofuran?
GI upset, dizziness, HA, skin reactions, neuropathy, hepatotoxicity
55
What is a unique, but non harmful side effect of nitrofuran?
It can turn urine brown
56
What are the nursing considerations for nitrofuran?
Give with milk or meals; check LFTs, watch for numbness and tingling of extremities (irreversible peripheral neuropathy)

Nursing TSC (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions