NS Infection - Spirochaetes Flashcards Preview

Yr 2 Nervous System > NS Infection - Spirochaetes > Flashcards

Flashcards in NS Infection - Spirochaetes Deck (10)
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1
Q

What are the main spirochaete infections of the CNS?

A

Lymes Disease (Borrelia Burgorferi)
Syphilis (Trepomena Pallidum)
Leptospirosis (Leptospira Interrogans)

2
Q

How is Lyme’s Disease Spread?

A

Vector Borne, ticks in wooded areas

3
Q

How does Lyme’s Disese present?

A

Its a multi system disease that comes in 3 stages:

4
Q

Describe Stage 1 of Lyme’s Disease?

A

Early localised infection (first month) with erythema migrans rash at site of bite possibly with flu symptoms

5
Q

Describe stage 2 of Lyme’s Disease?

A

Early Disseminated Infection over weeks->months

Spreads through lymph or blood to 1 or more systems (Musculoskeletal & Neurological are most common)

6
Q

What are the neurological manifestations of lymes disease?

A
  • Mononeuropathy
  • Myelitis
  • Painful Radiculoneuropathy
  • Cranial Neuropathy
  • Meningo-encephalitis
    PNS more than CNS

And in stage 3 can get subacute encephalopathy and encephalomyelitis

7
Q

How do we investigate/treat Lymes DIsease?

A
  • Serology
  • CSF Lymphocytosis & PCR
  • Brain/Spine MRI if CNS manifestations
  • Nerve Conduction study/EMG If PNS manifestations

Prolonged Treatment with IV Ceftriaxone or Oral Doxycycline

8
Q

How does syphilis affect the brain?

A

Syphilis comes in 3 stages
Primary -> Secondary -> Latent -> Tertiary

So Tertiary syphilis can present as neurosyphilis years or decades after infection

9
Q

How do we investigate/treat Neurosyphilis?

A
  • Treponema Specific and non-specific antibody tests
  • LP for raised Lymphocytes, intrathecal (in spinal cord) antibody production and PCR

Treat with High dose Penicillin

10
Q

How long does Lymes Disease take to reach stage 3?

A

Months to years after exposure

Notably it occurs after a period of latency between stage 2&3