NSD Day 8

Question 1

Changes of the dependent variable because mainly of the independent variable and not some other variable

Answer 1

Internal validity

Question 2

Results of the study are generalizable to the population - more a kin to generalization

Answer 2

External Validity

Question 3

This is a systematic error in sampling

Answer 3

sampling bias

Question 4

Intervening variables interact with the dependent - third party variable.

Answer 4

failure to exert rigid control over the subjects

Question 5

learning effect as a result of taking the test

Answer 5

pre-test influence on post test

Question 6

More than treatment is being given to the subject at the same time

Answer 6

Multiple treatment interference

Question 7

the subjects knowledge of participation in an experiment influences the result of a study

Answer 7

Hawthorne effect

Question 8

subjects respond to a dummy treatment with positive effects

Answer 8

placebo effect

Question 9

This is an outcome measure that refers to its consistency or reproducibility - i.e. the ability to be copied

Answer 9

reliability

Question 10

Repeated measure made by the same person over time

Answer 10

Intrarater reliability

Question 11

Measurements made by moe the one person

Answer 11

interrater reliability

Question 12

statistical measurement of inter rater reliability

Answer 12

kappa coefficient

Question 13

This is the measure of internal consistency

Answer 13

Split Half Reliability

Question 14

Purpose is to get the true positive: i.e. to rule out

Answer 14

Sensitivity

Question 15

Purpose is to get the true negative: i.e. to rule in

Answer 15

Specificity

Question 16

Indicates that person does not have a specific disease or condition when the person does have the disease or condition

Answer 16

false negative

Question 17

Indicates that person does have a specific disease or condition when the person does nothave the disease or condition

Answer 17

fasle positive

Question 18

Formula for sensitivity

Answer 18

Sn = A/A+C

Question 19

Formula for specificity

Answer 19

Sp = D/B+D

Question 20

Formula for Positive PV

Answer 20

PPV = A/A+B

Question 21

Formula for Negative PV

Answer 21

NPV = D/C+D

Question 22

presumed to have caused or influenced the dependent variable, variable that is controlled or manipulated

Answer 22

independent variable

Question 23

Response or outcome assumed caused by the independent variable

Answer 23

dependent variable

Question 24

There is a true difference between groups therefore the treatment was effective

Answer 24

Alternate Hypothesis

Question 25

porbability that particular statistical value result could have happened by chance

Answer 25

P-Value - confidence interval

Question 26

significance level, standard for rejecting the null hypothesis

Answer 26

Alpha Level

Question 27

P < Alpha indicates

Answer 27

reject the null hypothesis

Question 28

P > Alpha indicates

Answer 28

Null hypothesis is not rejected

Question 29

wrongly deciding the reject the null hypothesis

Answer 29

Type 1 Error 9 | Alpha Error

Question 30

wrongly deciding to accept the null hypothesis

Answer 30

Type 2 Error | Beta Error

Question 31

Methods to decrease the possibility of error

Answer 31

1. Increase Sample Size 2. Use Random Sampling 3. Increase the measure

Question 32

term used for average, for interval ratio data

Answer 32

Mean

Question 33

Divides a distribution into 2 equal halves, ordinal data

Answer 33

Median

Question 34

Value that occurs most Frequently, Nominal data

Answer 34

Mode

Question 35

The difference between the higher and lowest score

Answer 35

range

Question 36

divides the data into 100 equal portions

Answer 36

Percentiles

Question 37

Divides the distribution into 4 equal parts

Answer 37

Quartiles

Question 38

Determination of variability of scores (difference ) from the mean i.e.

Answer 38

Standard Deviation

Question 39

True to False: In a normal bell shaped curve the mean, median and mode are all the same value

Answer 39

True

Question 40

In positive skewness the bell curve will devoted towards what side?

Answer 40

Right

Question 41

In negative skewness the bell curve will devoted towards what side?

Answer 41

Left

Question 42

this type of data used interval and ration data, population is normally distributed and has homogeneity of variance sample size > 30

Answer 42

Parametric Data

Question 43

Nominal and ordinal data, non-normal distribution i.e. skewed curve, small sample size

Answer 43

Non-parametric data

Question 44

Compares the 2 independent variables

Answer 44

T-Test

Question 45

Compares the difference between 2 matched samples, repeated measures or paired data, within subject design

Answer 45

Paired or Dependent T-TEST

Question 46

Compares 3 or more independent groups

Answer 46

ANOVA