Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SD and NSD > SD Day 4 > Flashcards

SD Day 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 conditions that fall under Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases?

A
  1. Acute Bronchitis
  2. Chronic Bronchitis
  3. Emphysema
  4. Bronchiecstasis
  5. Asthma
  6. Cystic Fibrosis
  7. Pneumonia
  8. Pulmonary Tubercolosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 conditions that fall under Chronic Restrictive Pulmonary Disease?

A
  1. Pneumothorax
  2. Hemothorax
  3. Atelectasis
  4. Pulmonary Edema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which lung volume changes occur in COPD/COLD?

A

TV - Normal
RV - Increased
FRC - Increased
TLC - Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which lung volume changes occur in CRPD/RLD?

A

TV - Normal or Decreased
RV - Normal or Decreased
FRC - Decreased
TLC - Decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi

A

Acute Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The two most common causes of acute bronchitis

A

Chemical Irritation

Viral Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diagnose the patient:

o Mild fever from 1-3 days
o Malaise
o Sore throat
o Cough with sputum production, followed by wheezing
o Possibly laryngitis
A

Acute Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Histological Hallmark in Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Mucous Membrane Hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This disease is associated with prolonged exposure to nonspecific bronchial irritants.

There is swelling of the mucous membrane and thick sputum that obstruct the airways.

Patients exhibit wheezing.

A

Chronic Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diagnose the Patient:

o Persistent cough with production of sputum 
o Reduced chest expansion
o Wheezing
o Fever
o Dyspnea
o Cyanosis
o Decreased exercise tolerance
A

Chronic Bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This is a chronic irreversible disease of the lungs characterized by alveolar wall damage and loss of normal elastic tension of the lungs.

A

emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

These are pockets of air in between the alveolar spaces

A

Blebs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Air sacs in the lung parenchyma

A

Bullae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three types of Emphysema

A
  1. Centrilobular
  2. Paraseptal
  3. Panlobular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Type of emphysema where bronchioles are inflamed with intact alveolar sac

A

centrilobular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Type of emphysema where there is destruction of the distal alveolar walls

A

Panlobular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Type of emphysema where there is destruction of the distal alveolar walls resulting in isolated bleb formation along the periphery of the lungs

A

Paraseptal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the hallmark sign of emphysema

A

forced expiratory time more than 6 seconds indicating severe expiratory airflow obstruction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diagnose the Patient:

▪ Use of accessory muscle of respiration 
▪ Dyspnea on exertion
▪ Peripheral cyanosis
▪ Barrel chest 
▪ Malaise
A

Emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diagnose the Patient:

▪ Prolonged expiratory period 
▪ Pursed-lip breathing
▪ Chronic cough
▪ Weight loss 
▪ Wheezing
A

Emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This is abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchi

A

Bronchiecstasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the most common cause of bronchiecstasis?

A
  1. Recurrent infection (Pneumonia and Cystic Fibrosis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hallmark sign of bornchiecstasis

A

Chronic cough, hemoptysis and recurrent pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypersensitive airways resulting to reversible obstructive lung disease

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the 6 triggers of asthma

A
  1. Respiratory infection
  2. Cigarette smoke
  3. Pollen, mold, animal hair, feather, dust insects
  4. Physical exertion
  5. Cold air, temperature change
  6. Strong emotions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the 3 categories of asthma

A
  1. conventional/standard asthma
  2. Occupational Asthma
  3. Exercise-Induced Asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

other name of Severe bronchospasm

A

Status asthmaticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Main treatment for asthma

A

Leukotriene modifiers (decreases inflammation and relaxes airways)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

This is the first indicator from HIV to AIDS

A

Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An infection that inflames your lungs’ air sacs (alveoli)

A

Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Common causes of pneumonia

A

o Aspiration of fluids, food or vomitus

o Inhalation of chemicals, dust, smoke or gas

o Bacterial or viral infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Type of pneumonia caused by intra-alveolar bacteria

A

Bacterial Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the most common bacteria that causes pneumonia

A

Pneumococcal Pneumonia (streptococcal)

34
Q

this is a type of pneumonia caused by interstitial or intra-alveolar inflammatory process caused by viral agents

A

Viral Pneumonia

35
Q

This type of pneumonia present with dry cough, and normal WBC count

A

Viral Pneumonia

36
Q

A genetically inherited disease characterized by thickening of secretions of all exocrine glands, leading to obstruction

A

Cystic Fibrosis

37
Q

This is a test with High Sensitivity to Cystic Fibrosis

A

Sweat Electrolyte Test

38
Q

This condition is caused by a defect in the long arm of chromosome 7

A

Cystic Fibrosis

39
Q

This is tuberculosis of the spine

A

Pott’s Disease

40
Q

This is a type of isolation setup where in the air only circulates within the room

A

negative pressure room

41
Q

What are the 5 anti-tuberculin drugs

A 
Rifampicin 
Izaniazid 
Pyrazinamide 
Ethambutol 
Streptomycin
42
Q

How many week does it take for a patient taking anti-tuberculin drugs to become non-infectious

A

2 weeks

43
Q

Hallmark of Bronchiecstasis?

A

Chronic cough, hemoptysis and recurrent pneumonia

44
Q

abnormal and permanent dilation of the bronchi

A

Bronchiecstasis

45
Q

Referred pain areas for CRPD

A

Shoulder, upper traps, neck and lower chest wall and abdomen (of the affected side)

46
Q

What is the most comfortable position for pneumothorax? (PTX)

A

Sitting Upright

47
Q

Referred pain areas of PTX

A

upper and lateral thoracic wall with referral to the sounder, across the chest or over the abdomen

48
Q

collapsed or airless alveolar unit due to hypoventilation secondary to pain

A

atelectasis

49
Q

excessive seepage of fluid from the pulmonary vascular system into the interstitial space

A

Pulmonary edema

50
Q

characteristic of the mucous of pulmonary edema

A

Pink frothy

51
Q

Cardiogenic or Non-cardiogeninc cause of pulmonary edema:

increased pressure in the pulmonary capillaries associated with left ventricular failure

A

Cardiogenic

52
Q

Cardiogenic or Non-cardiogeninc cause of pulmonary edema:

increased permeability of the alveolar capillary membranes due to inhalation of toxic fumes, narcotic overdose, etc.

A

Non-cardiogenic

53
Q
  • Restricts expansion
  • Difficulty inhalation
  • ↓lung volumes
A

restrictive lung disease

54
Q
  • Flow of air impeded
  • Difficult exhalation
  • ↑FRC and FRV
A

chronic obstructive lung disease

55
Q

Other name of lung cancer

A

Brochogenic Carcinoma

56
Q

Major risk factor of smoking (82%)

A

smoking

57
Q

Most common areas for lung cancer metastasis

A

long bones, vertebral column, 50% Brain

58
Q

Lung cancer advance stage symptoms

A

anorexia and weight loss

59
Q

Purpose of this intervention is to increase ventilation and improve gas exchange, decrease work of breathing, increase excursion of diaphragm

A

Diaphragmatic Breathing

60
Q

Purpose of this intervention if to emphasize expansion of hypoventilated segments of lungs

A

Segmental Breathing

61
Q

This type of exercise technique increases exercise tolerance

A

Pursed-Lip Breathing

62
Q

Purpose of this intervention is to relieve dyspnea and keep airways open and improve exercise tolerance

A

Pursed-lip breathing

63
Q

This intervention technique is used to improve weaning from ventilator and improve cough

A

Glossopharyngeal Breathing (used for high SCI patients)

64
Q

This intervention technique is used to prevent occurrence of dyspnea

A

Activity Pacing

65
Q

The purpose of the intervention measure is to:

o Improve strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles

o To increase the volume of air inspired

A

Incentive Respiratory Spirometry

66
Q

The most common and easiest means of clearing the airway

A

Coughing

67
Q

This is technique is used to elicit cough in infant and those disoriented patients

A

tracheal stimulation

68
Q

This is a procedure done to allow airway clearance for those who cannot cough or huff; takes about 10-15 seconds

A

Endotracheal Suctioning

69
Q

Placing the patient in varying positions for optimal gravity drainage of secretions and increased expansion of the involved segment

A

Postural Drainage

70
Q

What are the three indications for postural drainage?

A
  1. increased pulmonary secretions
  2. Aspiration
  3. Atelectasis or collapse
71
Q

How many minutes should each position be allowed during postural drainage?

A

20 min per position

72
Q

This treatment procedure is indicated for patients with weakness and atrophy in muscles of respiration

A

Incentive Respiratory Spirometry

73
Q

This intervention is contraindicated for patients with COPD because it increases intrathoracic pressure (leading to closure of airways)

A

Coughing (huffing is used instead because it does not cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure)

74
Q

This intervention technique is used for patients who do not have the strength to cough voluntarily

A

Manual Assisted coughing

75
Q

Elevation of body during postural drainage of the middle lobe and left upper lobes?

A

16 inches elevation

76
Q

Elevation of body during postural drainage of the lower lobes?

A

20 inches elevation

77
Q

body position during postural drainage of the posterior and superior segment?

A

Prone

78
Q

True or False

during postural drainage the bad lung is always up?

A

True

79
Q

During postural drainage what lobe and segment is the only one where the patient is positioned in supine?

A

Upper Lobes of the Anterior Segment

80
Q

During postural drainage what lobe and segment is the only one where the patient is positioned in prone and flat?

A

Lower Lobe Superior Segment

SD and NSD (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions