NUCLEIC ACIDS

Question 1

all cells except the … contain an entire genome

Answer 1

red blood cell

Question 2

major macromolecules present in human cell

Answer 2

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
DNA
RNA

Question 3

Structures in the cell nucleus thought to be the carrier of genetic information

Answer 3

chromosomes

Question 4

Portion of a chromosome that controlled a specific inheritable trait

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

It is one of the major macromolecules of the body that is responsible for storing and
expressing genetic information

Answer 5

nucleic acid

Question 6

Stores genetic information—it stores RNA and protein coding information

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

Carries protein encoding information

Answer 7

RNA

Question 8

what nitrogenous base is unique in RNA

Answer 8

uracil

Question 9

Is a single building block of the nucleic acids. An organic compound composed of three subunits

Answer 9

nucleotide

Question 10

parts of a nucleotide

Answer 10

I. A phosphate group
II. Sugar
III. A nitrogen-containing cycle compound

Question 11

Has two-fused nitrogen-containing ring

Answer 11

purine

Question 12

Has one nitrogen-containing ring

Answer 12

pyramidine

Question 13

that an oxygen atom is missing
from the C2 position of ribose

Answer 13

DNA sugar

Question 14

Sugar and the base are connected by a bond between one of the nitrogen atoms in
a ring and the sugar’s 1st carbon atom

Answer 14

nucleoside

Question 15

Are the building blocks of nucleic
acids

Answer 15

nucleotide

Question 16

The 2 polynucleotide chains run in opposite directions

Answer 16

double helix

Question 17

coiled around basic protein
molecules called

Answer 17

histones

Question 18

The acidic DNA and the basis
histones attract each other by
electrostatic (ionic) forces,
combining to form units called

Answer 18

nucleosomes

Question 19

types of RNA

Answer 19

mRNA
rRNA
tRNA

Question 20

Carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm

Answer 20

mRNA

Question 21

Functions as a machine to attach amino acids and aid in forming proteins

Answer 21

rRNA

Question 22

Transports amino acids to the site of protein synthesis in the ribosomes

Answer 22

tRNA

Question 23

catalytic RNA

Answer 23

ribozyme

Question 24

acts as a “manager” in the process of making proteins

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

DNA to RNA

Answer 25

transcription

Question 26

RNA chain is called a

Answer 26

transcript

Question 27

RNA to protein

Answer 27

translation

Question 28

this step occurs in the nucleus

Answer 28

transcription

Question 29

Information encoded in an mRNA molecule

Answer 29

translation

Question 30

o Coding sequences o “Expressed sequences”

Answer 30

exons

Question 31

o Noncoding sequences o “Intervening sequences” o Should be removed in the mRNA

Answer 31

introns