nucleic acids

Question 1

what is the function of the genetic code?

Answer 1

codes for the production of proteins

Question 2

2 ways of making nucleotides?

Answer 2

base + ribose / deoxy

nucleoside+phosphoric acid (pentose + phosphate)

Question 3

how to make a nucleic acid

Answer 3

polymerised (2 or more) nucleotides (organic base + pentose + phosphate)

Question 4

what are the purine bases

Answer 4

adenine
guanine

Question 5

what are the pyramidine bases

Answer 5

cytosine
thymine
uracil

Question 6

what bases does DNA have

Answer 6

adenine
thymin
cytosin
guanine

Question 7

what bases do RNA have

Answer 7

adenine
uracil
cytosine
guanine

Question 8

how are nucleic acid formed

Answer 8

bases joine to ribose / deoxy
join to phosphoric acid
forms nucleotides
nucleotides join to give nucleic acids

Question 9

what is ATP

Answer 9

nucleotide

Question 10

what does ATP stand for

Answer 10

adenosine triophosphate

Question 11

what is the significance of ATP initials

Answer 11

base adenine
ribose sugar
three phosphate groups

Question 12

sinificance of chemical energy in living things

Answer 12

chemical bonds must make or break for reactions to happen

Question 13

what are heterotrophic organisms

Answer 13

animals

dirive their chemical energy from food

Question 14

what are autotrophic organisms

Answer 14

derive chemical energy from light energy through photosynthesis

green plants

Question 15

how do organisms mainly store chemical energy

Answer 15

lipids and carboyhdrates

Question 16

around how many ATP do we make and break down every day?

Answer 16

50Kg

Question 17

how much ATP is in your body at any specific time

Answer 17

5g

Question 18

what is ATP not

Answer 18

an energy store

Question 19

what is the addition of a phosphate to ADP called

Answer 19

phosphorylation

Question 20

phosphorylation meaning

Answer 20

addition of phosphate to ADP

Question 21

what is a exergonic reaction such as ATP hydrolysis

Answer 21

relesease energy

Question 22

what is endogeronic reaction such as synthesis of ATP

Answer 22

releases energy

Question 23

how much kJ of enery does every mole of hydrolysised ATP release?

Answer 23

30.6

Question 24

what would happen with the uncontrolled release of energy from glucose?

Answer 24

temperature increase that would destroy cells

Question 25

why is using ATP better than glucose

Answer 25

ATP - single reaction that releases energy immidiatley Glucose - many intermitories only one enzyme needed ATP, loads for glu atp releases energy in small amounts when and where its needed, glucose contains large amount of energy that would be released all at once

Question 26

what are the 5 roles of ATP

Answer 26

metabolic reactions active transport movement nerve transmission secretion

Question 27

relevance of ATP and metabolic processes

Answer 27

build large complex molecules

Question 28

relevance of ATP and active transport

Answer 28

move against conc gradient

Question 29

relevance of ATP and movement

Answer 29

muscle contraction

Question 30

relevance of ATP and nerve transmission

Answer 30

pumps activley transport ions across axon membrane

Question 31

relevance of ATP and secretion

Answer 31

packaing and transport of secretory products into vesicles in cells

Question 32

why is ATP known as the universal energy currency?

Answer 32

provide energy in all cells for all reactions in all living organisms