nucleotide and nucleic acids Flashcards
(14 cards)
describe structure of DNA nucleotide
phosphate
deoxyribose sugar
nitrogenous base
describe the structure of RNA nucleotide
phosphate
ribose sugar
nitrogenous base
what bases do DNA have
A two bonds with hydrogen T
G three bonds with hydrogen C
what bases do RNA have
A with U
G with C
which are purines
which are pyramidies
A + G purines
C + T + U pyramids
differences with RNA to DNA
dna is double helix/double stranded
rna is single polynucleotide chains
RNA has no oxygen (ribose)
DNA has oxygen (deoxyribose)
nucleotides join to form?
phosphiadaster bonds joined together by hydrogen bonds formed in condensation reactions
3 types of rna
messenger rna
mrna - transfers genetic code information from DNA to ribosomes
transfer rna
trna-carry’s specific amino acids to the ribosomes
ribosomal RNA
rRNA - made of rna and proteins
ATP
contains 3 phosphate ions that play a significant role in energy transfer. its is essential for metabolism and is a immediate source of energy for biological processes
atp equations
ADP + Pi = ATP + H20
ATP + H20 = ADP + Pi
how does DNA structure relate to its function
double stranded so both strands acts a template
weak hydrogen bonds for easy separation of the two strands during replication
complementary base pairing allows identical copies to be made
the genetic code degenerate
amino acids are coded for more than one triplet of bases
the genetic code
the same triplet of bases codes for the same amino acids in all organisms
the genetic code non overlapping
each base in general is only part of one triplet of bases that codes for one amino acid
each codon( triplet of bases) is read as a discrete unit
