Nucleotides And ATP Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the function of nucleotides?
Energy currency (ATP) Building blocks for genetic inheritance (DNA and RNA)
What is a nucleotide composed of?
5 carbon pentose sugar
Nitrogen containing base
Phosphate group
Which sugar is in RNA?
Ribose
Which sugar is in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What are the different types of bases?
Purine
Pyrimidine
Give examples of purine bases.
Adenine
Guanine
How is a pyrimidine base different to a purine base?
It only has one nitrogen containing ring, purine has 2
Give examples of pyrimidine bases.
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
Which component of a nucleotide gives it a charge?
Inorganic phosphate ion gives a negative charge
What is the charge of a nucleotide?
Negative
Is a nucleotide acidic or alkaline?
Acidic
What reaction joins a nucleotide together?
Condensation
Where do chemical reactions in the cell take place?
Cytoplasm
Organelles
What molecule is the universal supplier of energy in cells?
ATP
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the composition of ATP?
3 phosphate groups
Ribose sugar
Adenine
Where is the potential energy stored in an ATP molecule?
In the phosphate bonds
Which enzyme catalyses the breakdown of ATP?
ATPase
What are the products formed from the break down of ATP?
ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
Free inorganic phosphate ion
What is the energy produced by ATP used for?
Building up new molecules
Active transport
Nerve impulses
Muscular contractions
What type of reaction is the break down of ATP?
Reversible
Where does the energy needed to drive the synthesis of ATP usually come from?
Reduction/ oxidation (redox) reactions
