NUCLEOTIDES and BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS

Question 1

primary component of Nucleic
Acids

Answer 1

NUCLEOTIDE

Question 2

What are the 3 components of nucleotides

Answer 2

1. 5-C sugar
2. Phosphate group
3. Nitrogenous base

Question 3

What are the 2 classes of the bases

Answer 3

1. Purine- A and G
2. Pyrimidine- T, C and U

Question 4

PURINES CONTAIN __ RING STRUCTURE

Answer 4

2

Question 5

PYRIMIDINES CONTAIN __ RING STRUCTURE

Answer 5

1

Question 6

2 TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACID

Answer 6

1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
2. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

Question 7

function of DNA

Answer 7

containing or storing genetic
information

Question 8

function of RNA

Answer 8

expressing the information

Question 9

nucleotides that has a modified
phosphate groups?

Answer 9

ATP

Question 10

sum of all the enzyme-catalyzed
reactions in a living organism

Answer 10

METABOLISM

Question 11

4 FUNCTIONS OF METABOLISM

Answer 11

1. Acquisition and utilization of energy
2. Synthesis of molecules needed to cell
   structure and function
3. Growth and development
4. Removal of waste product

Question 12

2 SUBTYPES OF METABOLISM and THEIR EXAMPLES

Answer 12

Anabolic reaction - glycogenesis
Catabolic reaction - glycolysis

Question 13

process to make larger molecules

Answer 13

ANABOLIC

Question 14

breakdown of larger molecules

Answer 14

CATABOLIC

Question 15

main molecule involve in metabolism

Answer 15

ENZYME

Question 16

5 BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES

Answer 16

1. Nucleophilic substitution
2. Elimination
3. Addition
4. Isomerization
5. Redox

Question 17

This reaction is the first step in
glycolysis pathway; it is irreversible

Answer 17

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION

Question 18

replaces a functional group within another electron-deficient molecule.

Answer 18

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION

Question 19

prevent glucose from getting out of the cell

Answer 19

phosphorylation reaction

Question 20

a 10-step reaction and a catabolic reaction to produce pyruvate,

Answer 20

GLYCOLYSIS

Question 21

a molecule used as energy in other metabolic pathways.

Answer 21

PYRUVATE

Question 22

cleavage of covalent bonds by
WATER

Answer 22

HYDROLYSIS REACTION

Question 23

A kind of SN reaction and can be
catalyzed by an acid, base and
enzymes

Answer 23

HYDROLYSIS REACTION

Question 24

involves breaking of phosphate bonds

Answer 24

HYDROLYSIS

Question 25

In this reaction, energy is liberated. It is
captured by a nonspontaneous reaction.

Answer 25

HYDROLYSIS

Question 26

double (=) bond forms when atoms
are removed;
dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate

Answer 26

ELIMINATION

Question 27

“Removing molecules from primary
biomolecule”

Answer 27

ELIMINATION

Question 28

Two molecules combine to form a
single product

Answer 28

ADDITION REACTION

Question 29

reversible reaction; from double bond to single bond

Answer 29

ADDITION REACTION

Question 30

involves intra-molecular shift of
atoms

Answer 30

ISOMERIZATION REACTION

Question 31

example is aldose-ketose repair

Answer 31

ISOMERIZATION REACTION

Question 32

transfer of electron from a donor (RA) to an electron acceptor
(OA)

Answer 32

REDOX

Question 33

gain of oxygen, loss of hydrogen

Answer 33

OXIDATION

Question 34

loss of oxygen, gain of hydrogen

Answer 34

REDUCTION

Question 35

phosphate group from (glucose 6-
phosphate) will be separated. Phosphate group will attach to glucose molecule. ATP > ADP

Answer 35

NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION